WO2009131166A1 - インスリン様増殖因子結合タンパク質を含有するWntシグナル伝達阻害剤 - Google Patents
インスリン様増殖因子結合タンパク質を含有するWntシグナル伝達阻害剤 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a Wnt signaling inhibitor containing an insulin-like growth factor binding protein (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as IGFBP).
- IGFBP insulin-like growth factor binding protein
- the present invention also relates to a Wnt signaling inhibitor containing a polynucleotide encoding IGFBP.
- the present invention further relates to a method for inhibiting Wnt signaling, which comprises using IGFBP.
- the present invention relates to a method for inhibiting Wnt signaling, which comprises using a polynucleotide encoding IGFBP.
- the present invention also relates to the use of IGFBP and / or a polynucleotide encoding IGFBP in the manufacture of a Wnt signaling inhibitor.
- the present invention relates to a preventive and / or therapeutic agent for diseases caused by enhanced Wnt signaling, comprising the Wnt signaling inhibitor. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for preventing and / or treating a disease caused by enhanced Wnt signaling, which comprises administering the Wnt signaling inhibitor. The present invention also relates to the use of the Wnt signaling inhibitor in the prevention and / or treatment of diseases caused by enhanced Wnt signaling. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a cardiomyocyte differentiation inducer containing the Wnt signaling inhibitor. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for inducing cardiomyocyte differentiation, comprising contacting the Wnt signaling inhibitor with a cell capable of differentiating into a cardiomyocyte. The present invention also relates to a method for inducing cardiomyocyte differentiation, comprising administering the Wnt signaling inhibitor. The present invention further relates to cardiomyocytes obtained by the cardiomyocyte differentiation inducing method and uses thereof.
- the heart is the first organ formed in the embryogenesis stage, and abnormalities in this process cause congenital heart disease, which is the most common cause of human congenital damage (Non-patent Documents 1 and 2). Molecules that lead to heart development are of particular interest because of their potential use for cardiac regeneration (3, 4).
- Non-Patent Documents 2 and 4 humoral factors such as Wnt, Wnt inhibitors, bone morphogenetic protein (hereinafter abbreviated as BMP), and fibroblast growth factor (hereinafter abbreviated as FGF) have been shown to mediate tissue interactions critical to cardiomyocyte specification (Non-Patent Documents 2 and 4).
- BMP bone morphogenetic protein
- FGF fibroblast growth factor
- Wnt is a protein that regulates morphogenesis and is known to be involved in various phenomena such as development, stem cell differentiation control, and cell canceration. It has also been reported that Wnt is an important factor for stem cell proliferation regulation and survival (Non-patent Documents 5 and 6).
- Wnt is known to express its action by binding to cell membrane receptors and transmitting intracellular signals via at least three different pathways.
- Cell membrane receptors to which Wnt binds include 7-transmembrane receptor frizzled (sometimes abbreviated as Frizzled, Frz) and 1-transmembrane receptor low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 And 6 (sometimes abbreviated as LRP5 and LRP6, respectively) are known (Non-Patent Documents 7 and 8). It is considered that there are at least three types of signal transduction pathways controlled by Wnt: ⁇ -catenin pathway, PCP (planar cell polarity) pathway, and calcium ion (Ca 2+ ) pathway.
- the ⁇ -catenin pathway has been known for a long time and is also called the canonical pathway. This pathway is characterized by the stabilization of cytoplasmic ⁇ -catenin, which plays an important role in the transmission of Wnt signals to the nucleus, and its abnormal activation is thought to be related to carcinogenesis.
- the PCP pathway and the Ca 2+ pathway are called non-canonical pathways.
- the PCP pathway is characterized by activation of Rho, which is a low molecular weight G protein, and Jun kinase belonging to the MAP kinase family.
- the Ca 2+ pathway is also characterized by activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and calmodulin kinase, which are downstream protein kinases, due to an increase in intracellular calcium concentration.
- PKC protein kinase C
- calmodulin kinase which are downstream protein kinases
- IGFBP insulin-like growth factor
- IGF-I and IGF-II are structurally highly similar to insulin and bind to various receptors on the cell surface, type I and type IGF receptors, and various cells Plays an important role in the growth and differentiation of
- IGFBP-1 to IGFBP-6 The existence of six molecular species called IGFBP-1 to IGFBP-6 has been clarified and IGFBP is widely expressed in various tissues. All of IGFBP-1 to IGFBP-6 regulate the interaction between IGF and its receptor by binding to IGF, and as a result, control the action of IGF.
- Kikuchi A., Yamamoto, H. & Kishida, S., Multiplicity of the interactions of Wnt proteins and their receptors., Cell Signal 19, 659-71 (2007). Firth, S.M. & Baxter, R.C., Cellular actions of the insulin-like growth factor binding proteins., Endocr Rev 23, 824-54 (2002). Mohan, S. & Baylink, D.J., IGF-binding proteins are multifunctional and act via IGF-dependent and-independent mechanisms., J Endocrinol 175, 19-31 (2002).
- An object of the present invention is to provide a new humoral factor that regulates morphogenesis and cell proliferation, such as cardiac development and / or cardiomyocyte differentiation.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive research using a cell line P19CL6 cells that differentiate into cardiomyocytes.
- IGFBP-4 induces differentiation of P19CL6 cells into cardiomyocytes in vitro
- IGFBP-4 knockdown reduces cardiomyogenesis both in vitro and in vivo.
- Frizzled 8 (hereinafter abbreviated as Frz8), which is a Wnt receptor for IGFBP-4, and physical properties of LRP5 / 6 Interaction of Wnt3A to inhibit Frz8 and LRP6 binding, and these results indicate that IGFBP-4 inhibits Wnt signaling and inhibition of Wnt signaling induces cardiomyocyte differentiation It revealed that. Furthermore, the present inventors have found that in addition to IGFBP-4, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, and IGFBP-6 also bind to Frz8 and LRP6 and inhibit Wnt signaling. The present invention has been achieved based on these findings.
- the present invention relates to a Wnt signaling inhibitor containing at least one protein that is an insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP) and can bind to a Wnt receptor.
- IGFBP insulin-like growth factor binding protein
- At least one protein that is an insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP) and can bind to a Wnt receptor is at least one protein selected from the following protein group, and at least one of the proteins
- a Wnt signaling inhibitor containing an effective amount thereof as an active ingredient (1) a protein represented by the amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 2, 4, 6 and 8 in the sequence listing; (2) a protein having 70% or more homology with the protein of (1) and capable of binding to the Wnt receptor, and (3) 1 to 10 amino acids in the amino acid sequence of the protein of (1)
- a protein represented by an amino acid sequence having an amino acid mutation and capable of binding to a Wnt receptor is at least one protein selected from the following protein group, and at least one of the proteins
- the present invention provides an insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP), wherein at least one protein capable of binding to a Wnt receptor is described in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 2, 4, 6 and 8 in the sequence listing.
- IGFBP insulin-like growth factor binding protein
- the present invention relates to the Wnt signaling inhibitor, which is a protein represented by an amino acid sequence.
- the present invention is a protein represented by the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 in the sequence listing, wherein at least one protein that is an insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP) and can bind to the Wnt receptor.
- IGFBP insulin-like growth factor binding protein
- the present invention relates to the Wnt signaling inhibitor.
- the present invention also relates to any one of the aforementioned Wnt signaling inhibitors, wherein the Wnt receptor is low density lipoprotein receptor 6 (LRP6) and Frizzled8 (Frz8).
- LRP6 low density lipoprotein receptor 6
- Frizzled8 Frizzled8
- the present invention relates to a Wnt signaling inhibitor containing at least one kind of polynucleotide encoding an insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP) that can bind to a Wnt receptor.
- IGFBP insulin-like growth factor binding protein
- the present invention provides at least one polynucleotide encoding an insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP) and a protein capable of binding to a Wnt receptor, wherein the polynucleotide is selected from the following polynucleotide group: And a Wnt signaling inhibitor containing an effective amount of at least one of them as an active ingredient: (1) a polynucleotide represented by the base sequence described in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1, 3, 5 and 7 in the sequence listing, (2) a polynucleotide encoding a protein having 70% or more homology with the polynucleotide of (1) and capable of binding to a Wnt receptor; (3) a polynucleotide encoding a protein represented by a base sequence having a mutation of 1 to 30 nucleotides in the base sequence of the polynucleotide of (1) and capable of binding to a Wnt receptor, and (4) A polynucleotide comprising the polyn
- At least one polynucleotide encoding an insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP) that can bind to a Wnt receptor is any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1, 3, 5, and 7 in the sequence listing.
- the Wnt signaling inhibitor which is a polynucleotide represented by the nucleotide sequence according to claim 1.
- At least one kind of polynucleotide encoding an insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP) that can bind to a Wnt receptor is represented by the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 in the sequence listing. It is related with the said Wnt signal transduction inhibitor which is a polynucleotide.
- IGFBP insulin-like growth factor binding protein
- the present invention relates to any one of the aforementioned Wnt signaling inhibitors, wherein the Wnt receptors are low density lipoprotein receptor 6 (LRP6) and Frizzled8 (Frz8).
- LRP6 low density lipoprotein receptor 6
- Frizzled8 Frizzled8
- the present invention also relates to a method for inhibiting Wnt signaling, which comprises using at least one kind of insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP) that can bind to a Wnt receptor.
- IGFBP insulin-like growth factor binding protein
- the present invention provides the method for inhibiting Wnt signaling, wherein at least one protein that is an insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP) and can bind to a Wnt receptor is at least one protein selected from the following protein group: About: (1) a protein represented by the amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 2, 4, 6 and 8 in the sequence listing; (2) a protein having 70% or more homology with the protein of (1) and capable of binding to the Wnt receptor, and (3) 1 to 10 amino acids in the amino acid sequence of the protein of (1) A protein represented by an amino acid sequence having an amino acid mutation and capable of binding to a Wnt receptor.
- IGFBP insulin-like growth factor binding protein
- the present invention is an insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP), wherein at least one protein capable of binding to the Wnt receptor is described in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 2, 4, 6 and 8 in the sequence listing.
- IGFBP insulin-like growth factor binding protein
- the Wnt signaling inhibition method which is a protein represented by the amino acid sequence of
- the present invention is an insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP), wherein at least one protein capable of binding to a Wnt receptor is a protein represented by the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2 in the sequence listing.
- IGFBP insulin-like growth factor binding protein
- the present invention relates to a method for inhibiting Wnt signaling.
- the present invention relates to any one of the aforementioned Wnt signaling inhibition methods, wherein the Wnt receptor is low density lipoprotein receptor 6 (LRP6) and Frizzled8 (Frz8).
- LRP6 low density lipoprotein receptor 6
- Frizzled8 Frizzled8
- the present invention relates to a method for inhibiting Wnt signaling, comprising using at least one kind of polynucleotide encoding an insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP) that can bind to a Wnt receptor.
- IGFBP insulin-like growth factor binding protein
- At least one polynucleotide encoding an insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP) that can bind to a Wnt receptor is at least one polynucleotide selected from the following polynucleotide group:
- a certain method for inhibiting Wnt signaling is as follows: (1) a polynucleotide represented by the base sequence described in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1, 3, 5 and 7 in the sequence listing, (2) a polynucleotide encoding a protein having 70% or more homology with the polynucleotide of (1) and capable of binding to a Wnt receptor; (3) a polynucleotide encoding a protein represented by a base sequence having a mutation of 1 to 30 nucleotides in the base sequence of the polynucleotide of (1) and capable of binding to a Wnt receptor, and (4) A polynucleotide comprising the polynucleotide according to any one of (1) to (3) above.
- the present invention relates to an insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP) and at least one polynucleotide encoding a protein capable of binding to a Wnt receptor is any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1, 3, 5 and 7 in the sequence listing.
- the Wnt signaling inhibition method which is a polynucleotide represented by the nucleotide sequence according to claim 1.
- the present invention provides that at least one polynucleotide encoding an insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP) that can bind to a Wnt receptor is represented by the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 in the sequence listing. It is related with the said Wnt signal transmission inhibition method which is the polynucleotide which is made
- the present invention also relates to any one of the aforementioned Wnt signaling inhibition methods, wherein the Wnt receptor is low-density lipoprotein receptor 6 (LRP6) and Frizzled 8 (Frz8).
- LRP6 low-density lipoprotein receptor 6
- Frizzled 8 Frizzled 8
- the present invention relates to the use of a protein capable of binding to a Wnt receptor which is an insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP) and / or a polynucleotide encoding the protein, in the manufacture of a Wnt signaling inhibitor.
- IGFBP insulin-like growth factor binding protein
- the present invention relates to a preventive and / or therapeutic agent for diseases caused by enhancement of Wnt signaling, which contains any of the aforementioned Wnt signaling inhibitors as an active ingredient in an effective amount thereof.
- the present invention also relates to a method for preventing and / or treating a disease caused by enhancement of Wnt signaling, which comprises administering an effective amount of any one of the aforementioned Wnt signaling inhibitors to a subject.
- the present invention relates to the use of any of the aforementioned Wnt signaling inhibitors in the prevention and / or treatment of diseases caused by enhanced Wnt signaling.
- the present invention relates to a cardiomyocyte differentiation inducing agent containing any one of the aforementioned Wnt signaling inhibitors as an effective ingredient.
- the present invention also relates to a method for inducing cardiomyocyte differentiation, comprising contacting an effective amount of any one of the aforementioned Wnt signaling inhibitors with cells capable of differentiating into cardiomyocytes.
- the present invention relates to the method for inducing cardiomyocyte differentiation, wherein the cells that can differentiate into cardiomyocytes are pluripotent stem cells.
- the present invention relates to the method for inducing cardiomyocyte differentiation, wherein the cells that can differentiate into cardiomyocytes are embryonic stem cells.
- the present invention also relates to a cardiomyocyte obtained by any one of the cardiomyocyte induction methods described above.
- the present invention relates to the use of cardiomyocytes obtained by any of the cardiomyocyte induction methods described above.
- the present invention relates to a method for inducing cardiomyocyte differentiation, comprising administering an effective amount of any one of the aforementioned Wnt signaling inhibitors to a subject.
- a Wnt signaling inhibitor containing IGFBP a protein that binds to a Wnt receptor, and / or a polynucleotide that encodes the protein as an active ingredient.
- the Wnt signal is involved in the control of morphogenesis, and is important for various phenomena such as development, stem cell differentiation control, growth regulation and survival, and cell canceration. Therefore, the Wnt signaling inhibitor according to the present invention is useful in the pharmaceutical development field, the scientific research field, and the like as a drug that regulates morphogenesis and cell proliferation such as cardiac development and / or cardiomyocyte differentiation.
- the present invention further provides a preventive and / or therapeutic agent for diseases caused by enhanced Wnt signaling, and a cardiomyocyte differentiation inducing agent, containing the protein and / or a polynucleotide encoding the protein as an active ingredient. it can.
- the present invention also provides a protein that binds to a Wnt receptor and is an IGFBP in the manufacture of a Wnt signaling inhibitor, a preventive and / or therapeutic agent for a disease caused by enhanced Wnt signaling, and a cardiomyocyte differentiation inducer, and The use of a polynucleotide encoding the protein can be provided.
- the present invention provides an IGFBP that binds to a Wnt receptor and / or the protein in inhibiting Wnt signaling, preventing and / or treating a disease caused by enhanced Wnt signaling, and inducing cardiomyocyte differentiation.
- Use of the encoding polynucleotide can be provided.
- a method for inhibiting Wnt signaling comprising using a protein that binds to a Wnt receptor and / or a polynucleotide that encodes the IGFBP, and a disease caused by enhanced Wnt signaling
- Prevention and / or treatment method cardiomyocyte differentiation inducing method, cardiomyocyte obtained by the cardiomyocyte differentiation inducing method, and use thereof can be provided.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing that treatment with IGFBP-4 (1 ⁇ g / ml) induced differentiation of P19CL6 cells into cardiomyocytes in the absence of dimethyl sulfoxide (hereinafter abbreviated as DMSO). Differentiation into cardiomyocytes was evaluated by induction of MF20 positive region (left panel) and induction of cardiac marker genes ( ⁇ MHC, Nkx2.5, GATA-4) and cTnT protein (right panel). In the figure, IGFBP-4 is displayed as BP4 and the control as C.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- FIG. Differentiation into cardiomyocytes was evaluated by induction of MF20 positive region (upper panel) and induction of cTnT protein expression (middle panel).
- combinations of neutralizing antibodies (the above combinations are indicated as ⁇ IGFs, and the control as C). It is a figure which shows that the variant IGFBP-4 (IGFBP-4-H74P) which cannot be couple
- Cardiomyogenic activity was evaluated by differentiation of P19CL6 cells into cardiomyocytes. Differentiation into cardiomyocytes was evaluated by induction of MF20 positive region (upper panel) and induction of cTnT protein expression (middle panel).
- IGFBP-4-H74P is displayed as BP4 (H74P), and the control is displayed as C.
- the combination of IGF-I and -II reduces the differentiation of P19CL6 cells into cardiomyocytes induced by wild-type IGFBP-4 (left panel), but induced by mutant IGFBP-4-H74P It is a figure which shows that the differentiation to the myocardial cell of the P19CL6 cell made is not reduced (right panel).
- FIG. 4 shows that IGFBP-4 reduced Wnt / ⁇ -catenin signaling in P19CL6 cells.
- P19CL6 cells were transfected with an expression vector of TOPFLASH reporter gene and LRP6 or Frz8 and treated with Wnt3A and IGFBP-4, TOPFLASH activity decreased compared to treatment with Wnt3A alone.
- IGFBP-4 is displayed as BP4.
- XIGFBP-4 is displayed as XBP4.
- XIGFBP-4 is displayed as XBP4.
- IGFBP-4 interacted directly with LRP6N.
- the interaction is the reaction of LRP6N-Myc with IGFBP-4-V5, immunoprecipitation (IP) with anti-Myc antibody followed by immunoblotting with anti-V5 or anti-Myc antibody (IB) (left panel), and anti-myc Evaluation was performed by immunoblotting (IB) (right panel) with anti-Myc antibody or anti-V5 antibody after immunoprecipitation (IP) with V5 antibody.
- IB immunoblotting
- IB right panel
- IGFBP-4 interacted directly with Frz8 cysteine rich domain (henceforth abbreviated as Frz8CRD).
- FIG. 4 shows that IGFBP-4 inhibited the binding of 125 I-labeled Wnt3A to LRP6N in a dose-dependent manner.
- FIG. 4 shows that IGFBP-4 inhibited the binding of 125 I-labeled Wnt3A to Frz8CRD in a dose-dependent manner. It is a figure which shows the change of an IGFBP family member expression during the differentiation induction to the myocardial cell of P19CL6 cell by DMSO.
- IGFBP expression was observed on the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT) on Day 0 (D0), Day 2 (D2), Day 4 (D4), Day 6 (D6) and Day 8 (D8) after addition of DMSO. -PCR). Shows that knockdown of IGFBP-4 in P19CL6 cells reduced cardiac marker ( ⁇ MHC, Nkx2.5, GATA-4) expression (left panel) and cTnT expression (right panel) in response to DMSO treatment of the cells FIG. IGFBP-4 was knocked down using two types of IGFBP-4 siRNA (indicated as BP4-1 and BP4-2 in the figure).
- IGFBP-3 siRNA shown as BP3 in the figure
- IGFBP-5 siRNA shown as BP5 in the figure
- the treatment with the neutralizing antibody (40 microgram / ml) with respect to IGFBP-4 reduced the differentiation to the myocardial cell of the P19CL6 cell induced by DMSO.
- Differentiation into cardiomyocytes was evaluated by induction of MF20 positive region (left panel), and induction of cardiac marker genes ( ⁇ MHC, Nkx2.5, GATA-4) and cTnT protein (right panel).
- the neutralizing antibody against IGFBP-4 is expressed as ⁇ BP4.
- ⁇ BP4 ⁇ MHC-green fluorescent protein
- Upper left panel shows IGFBP-4 staining
- upper right panel shows GFP expression of differentiated cardiomyocytes
- lower left panel shows nuclear staining with DAPI (4 ', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole)
- lower right panel shows superimposed images Show.
- Scale line 100 ⁇ m.
- MF20 positive region left panel
- cardiac marker genes ⁇ MHC, Nkx2.5, GATA-4
- cTnT protein right panel.
- expression of early cardiac marker Nkx2.5, mature cardiac marker cardiac troponin I (cTnI), liver marker Hex, and XIGFBP-4 mRNA were expressed in stages 34, 38 and 42 in situ It is a figure which shows the result of having analyzed hybridization. In the figure, XIGFBP-4 mRNA is indicated as XBP4.
- the white, diagonal, crossed, stippled, and black columns indicate normal heart, abnormal heart, small heart, no heart and death cases, respectively.
- the right column shows a section of embryos injected with control and MO. The arrow points to the heart in the control embryo. No heart-like structures were observed in embryos injected with MO.
- IGFBP-4 did not change FOPFLASH activity which is a negative control of TOPFLASH. It is a figure which shows that IGFBP-4 did not change the activation by BMP of a BRE-luc reporter gene. BMP-responsive BRE-luc was activated in a concentration-dependent manner by BMP2 (left panel), and this activation was not altered by IGFBP-4 (right panel). In the figure, IGFBP-4 is displayed as BP4. Reporter gene assays were performed in 293 cells. It is a figure which shows the result of having investigated inhibition of the classical Wnt pathway by IGFBP-4 by the animal cap assay.
- LRP6, ⁇ -catenin, ⁇ -galactosidase, or XIGFBP-4 RNA was injected into the animal pole of each 2-cell embryo, the animal cap was excised in step 85, and the Wnt target genes (Siamois and Xnr-3) This was performed by measuring the expression of.
- XIGFBP-4 reduced the expression of Siamois and Xnr-3 induced by LRP6, but did not affect the expression induced by ⁇ -catenin.
- ODC represents ornithine decarboxylase and was measured as a control.
- FIG. 4 shows that IGFBP-4 inhibited classical Wnt signaling activated by Wnt3A or LRP6 (left panel and right panel, respectively).
- IGFBP-4 Activation of classical Wnt signaling was measured by TOPFLASH reporter gene assay and assessed by TOPFLASH activity.
- IGFBP-4 is displayed as BP4.
- the TOPFLASH reporter gene assay was performed in 293 cells. IGFBP-4 did not inhibit classical Wnt signaling induced by ⁇ -catenin, Dishevelled-1 (left panel), or lithium chloride (right panel), a GSK3 (glycogenglycsynthase kinase 3) inhibitor
- the TOPFLASH reporter gene assay was performed in 293 cells.
- FIG. 6 shows the results of binding assays between 125 I-labeled Wnt3A and Frz8CRD in the presence or absence of various concentrations of IGFBP-4.
- the rectangular symbol indicates no IGFBP-4
- the circular symbol indicates IGFBP-4 50 nM
- the triangular symbol indicates IGFBP-4 100 nM.
- the inset is a line Weber-Burg plot, indicating that IGFBP-4 is a competitive inhibitor of Wnt3A binding to Frz8CRD.
- 1 is a schematic diagram of an LRP6 deletion mutant (LRP6 deletion mutants) used in Example 1.
- FIG. All deletion mutants are soluble.
- SP represents a signal peptide
- ⁇ -pro represents a ⁇ -propeller domain
- EGF represents an EGF-like domain
- LDLR represents an LDL receptor type A repeat
- TM represents a transmembrane domain.
- IGFBP-4 immunoprecipitation
- IB immunoblot with anti-V5 antibody or anti-Myc antibody
- IB immunoblotting
- IB immunoblotting
- IGFBP-4 is displayed as BP4. It is a figure which shows that IGFBP-4 interacted with L mutant of LRP6, E1-2 / L mutant, and E3-4 / L mutant.
- IGFBP-4 Interaction between each LRP6 mutant added with Myc tag and IGFBP-4-V5, immunoprecipitation (IP) with anti-Myc antibody followed by immunoblot with anti-V5 antibody or anti-Myc antibody (IB) (left) Panel) and immunoblotting (IB) (right panel) with anti-Myc antibody or anti-V5 antibody after immunoprecipitation (IP) with anti-V5 antibody (right panel).
- IGFBP-4 is displayed as BP4. It is a figure which shows that IGFBP-4 interacted with the E1-2 variant and E3-4 variant of LRP6.
- Dkk1 used as a control interacted mainly with the LRP6E3-4 mutant.
- IGFBP-4 and the LRP6 mutant were achieved by reacting each LRP6 mutant with a Myc tag and IGFBP-4-V5, followed by immunoprecipitation (IP) with anti-Myc antibody and immunoblotting with anti-Myc antibody.
- IP immunoprecipitation
- IB immunoblotting
- IB immunoblotting
- IB immunoblotting with anti-Myc antibody after immunoprecipitation (IP) with the anti-V5 antibody
- IGFBP-4 interacted with LRP6 and Frz8, whereas the carboxy terminal thyroglobulin domain deletion mutant did not interact with them.
- Immunoprecipitation (IP) with anti-Myc antibody by reacting full length IGFBP-4 with V5 tag, amino terminal deleted IGFBP-4 and carboxy terminal deleted IGFBP-4 with Myc-tagged LRP6 or Frz8 The interaction between each IGFBP-4 and Frz8 or LRP6 was evaluated by subsequent immunoblotting with an anti-V5 antibody (IB) or immunoblotting with an anti-Myc antibody (IB) (middle panel). A schematic diagram of full-length IGFBP-4 and IGFBP-4 deletion mutants is shown in the left panel.
- IGFBP-4 full-length IGFBP-4 is indicated as FL or BP4FL
- amino-terminal deletion IGFBP-4 is indicated as ⁇ N or BP4 ⁇ N
- carboxy-terminal deletion IGFBP-4 is indicated as ⁇ C or BP4 ⁇ C.
- IGF means an IGF binding domain
- TG means a thyroglobulin domain.
- IGFBP-4 (1 ⁇ g / ml) was applied from day 0 to day 3 (D0-3), differentiation of ES cells into cardiomyocytes was suppressed, while from day 3 Cardiac development was enhanced when applied up to day 5 (D3-5).
- ES cells were stably transfected with ⁇ MHC-GFP reporter gene, and differentiation into cardiomyocytes was induced by the hanging drop method.
- IGFBP-4 (1 ⁇ g / ml) was applied from day 0 to day 3 (D0-3), differentiation of ES cells into cardiomyocytes was suppressed, while from day 3 Cardiac development was enhanced when applied up to day 5 (D3-5).
- the degree of differentiation of ES cells into cardiomyocytes was evaluated by the ratio of GFP positive regions. It is a figure which shows the result of having examined the effect of IGFBP-4 with respect to the differentiation induction of the ES cell to the cardiac muscle cell.
- ES cells were stably transfected with ⁇ MHC-GFP reporter gene, and differentiation into cardiomyocytes was induced by the hanging drop method.
- IGFBP-4 (1 ⁇ g / ml) was applied from day 0 to day 3 (D0-3), differentiation of ES cells into cardiomyocytes was suppressed, while from day 3 Cardiac development was enhanced when applied up to day 5 (D3-5).
- the degree of differentiation of ES cells into cardiomyocytes was evaluated by expression of cardiac marker genes ( ⁇ MHC, Nkx2.5, GATA-4) and cTnT protein (right panel). It is a figure which shows the expression of the IGFBP family member in the differentiation into the cardiac muscle cell of an ES cell. IGFBP expression was measured by RT-PCR on day 0 (D0), day 3 (D3), day 4 (D4), and day 5 (D5) of differentiation induction.
- ES cells are stably transfected with ⁇ MHC-GFP reporter gene, and IGFBP-4 is knocked down using two types of IGFBP-4 siRNA (labeled BP4-1 and BP4-2 in the figure)
- IGFBP-4 siRNA labeled BP4-1 and BP4-2 in the figure
- Differentiation into cardiomyocytes was induced by the hanging drop method.
- Differentiation into cardiomyocytes was evaluated by cardiac marker gene ( ⁇ MHC, Nkx2.5, GATA-4) expression (left panel), GFP positive region and cTnT expression (right panel).
- Scale line 100 ⁇ m. It is a figure which shows that the strong signal was detected by the pharyngeal arch, the liver bud, and the limb bud in the in-situ hybridization analysis of IGFBP-4 in a mouse embryo (E95). S and AS show the results of in situ hybridization analysis using a sense probe and an antisense probe, respectively. Partial sequence of two alleles of XIGFBP-4, target sequence and position of MO1 and MO2 for XIGFBP-4, MO sensitivity (MO-s), partial sequence of XIGFBP-4 cDNA, and MO resistance (MO-r) It is a figure which shows the partial arrangement
- the mismatch introduced to create the start codon ATG and the MO-resistant XIGFBP-4 cDNA is underlined. It is a figure which shows the result of having verified the activity and specificity of MO1 and MO2 with respect to XIGFBP-4.
- MO-sensitive (MO-s) and MO-resistant (MO-r) XIGFBP-4-Myc mRNA was injected into Xenopus embryos. Expression of XIGFBP-4-Myc protein translated from MO-sensitive mRNA was reduced by co-injection with MO1 or MO2, whereas protein expression from MO-resistant mRNA was not affected. RT-PCR analysis indicated that the injected mRNA (injected mRNA) was equivalent.
- FIG. 6 illustrates the specificity of the cardiac phenotype induced by MO1 and MO2 for XIGFBP-4.
- XIGFBP-4 MO1 or MO2 caused a cardiac defect.
- white columns, diagonal lines, crossing columns, stippling columns, and black columns indicate normal heart, abnormal heart, small heart, no heart and death cases, respectively.
- FIG. 5 shows that normal heart development was impaired by activation of the Wnt pathway.
- Plasmid DNA (pCSKA-Xwnt8), which encodes Xwnt8 and is under the control of the cytoskeletal actin promoter, is transformed into two dorsal plant blastomeres destined for the heart and liver primordium at the 8-cell stage in Xenopus embryos. Infusion into the dorsal region activated Wnt in the cardiogenic region. Embryos injected with pCSKA-Xwnt8 (lower panel) had a reduced heart size compared to control embryos (upper panel) at stage 42. It is a figure which shows that the heart development in the late stage of embryogenesis was caused by activation of the Wnt pathway.
- Xwnt8 mRNA was introduced by electroporation near the heart primordium of Xenopus at stage 28. At this time, GFP-mRNA was co-injected to evaluate the efficiency of the electroporation method. In stage 34, GFP expression was observed in the cardiogenic part (upper panel, head on the left and dorsal side up). Abnormalities in heart morphogenesis were observed at stage 42 in the embryos injected with Xwnt8 and GFP mRNA (lower panel) compared to control embryos injected with GFP mRNA alone (middle panel). It is a figure which shows the result of having quantitatively analyzed the effect of Wnt activation on heart development.
- the amount of nuclear ⁇ -catenin increased by treatment of L cells with Wnt3A was decreased by IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-4, and IGFBP-6, but not by IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-5. It is a figure which shows that. In the figure, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3, IGFBP-4, IGFBP-5 and IGFBP-6 are denoted as BP1, BP2, BP3, BP4, BP5 and BP6, respectively. In cells transfected with the TOPFLASH reporter gene, the TOPFLASH activity increased by Wnt3A treatment was decreased by IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-4, and IGFBP-6, but decreased by IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-5.
- IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3, IGFBP-4, IGFBP-5 and IGFBP-6 are denoted as BP1, BP2, BP3, BP4, BP5 and BP6, respectively. It is a figure which shows that IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-4, and IGFBP-6 all interacted with LRP6, but IGFBP-3 and -5 did not interact.
- IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3, IGFBP-4, IGFBP-5 and IGFBP-6 are denoted as BP1, BP2, BP3, BP4, BP5 and BP6, respectively.
- IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-4, and IGFBP-6 all interacted with Frz8, but IGFBP-3 and -5 did not interact.
- IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3, IGFBP-4, IGFBP-5 and IGFBP-6 are denoted as BP1, BP2, BP3, BP4, BP5 and BP6, respectively.
- the present invention relates to a Wnt signaling inhibitor containing an effective amount of a protein that is an IGFBP and can bind to a Wnt receptor as an active ingredient.
- the Wnt signaling inhibitor according to the present invention may be an IGFBP that contains one type of protein that can bind to a Wnt receptor, and contains two or more types of the protein. Good.
- Wnt signal transduction refers to signal transduction that occurs in the cell by Wnt belonging to the family of secreted glycoprotein ligands binding to its cell membrane receptor.
- Wnt signaling is broadly divided into classical Wnt signaling and non-classical Wnt signaling.
- Classical Wnt signaling refers to Wnt signaling that functions in a ⁇ -catenin-dependent manner.
- Wnt protein binds to its cell surface receptor Frizzled family and activates the deschedled family protein, and as a result induces nuclear translocation of ⁇ -catenin and activates transcription factor Tcf, which is a Wnt-responsive gene Signal transduction that promotes transcription.
- PCP pathway Two types of pathways known as PCP pathway and Ca 2+ pathway are known for non-classical Wnt signaling.
- the PCP pathway is characterized by activation of Rho, which is a low molecular weight G protein, and Jun kinase belonging to the MAP kinase family.
- the Ca 2+ pathway is characterized by the activation of PKC and calmodulin kinase, which are downstream protein kinases, due to an increase in intracellular calcium concentration.
- the Wnt signaling inhibitor according to the present invention is preferably a classic Wnt signaling inhibitor.
- IGFBP inhibits Wnt signaling by binding to Wnt receptor and inhibiting the binding between Wnt and Wnt receptor.
- Wnt receptors to which IGFBP binds include Frizzled and LRP, more preferably Frz8, LRP6, and LRP5.
- Bind to a Wnt receptor means to interact by non-covalent bonds such as hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic bonds or electrostatic interactions so as to form a complex with a Wnt receptor protein. The binding between the Wnt receptor and the protein is sufficient if the Wnt receptor and the protein bind to each other in a part of the molecule.
- “Inhibiting the binding between Wnt and the Wnt receptor” means reducing the binding between Wnt and the Wnt receptor or preventing the binding. “Inhibiting Wnt signaling” refers to inhibiting the generation of Wnt signaling and / or reducing Wnt signaling.
- the IGFBP contained in the Wnt signaling inhibitor according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is an IGFBP that can bind to a Wnt receptor.
- IGFBP that binds to the Wnt receptor and inhibits Wnt signaling is suitable.
- Preferred examples of IGFBP that can bind to the Wnt receptor include IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-4, and IGFBP-6.
- IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-4 and IGFBP-6 all inhibited Wnt signaling induced by Wnt3A (see Example 2).
- IGFBP-4 has the highest binding activity with Wnt receptor and Wnt signaling inhibition action. Therefore, IGFBP-4 can be more preferably exemplified as an IGFBP contained in the Wnt signaling inhibitor according to the present invention.
- the IGFBP may be derived from any species, and is preferably derived from the same species as the subject to which the Wnt signaling inhibitor according to the present invention is applied and the tissue or cell derived from the subject. is there.
- the Wnt signaling inhibitor according to the present invention is applied to human and human-derived tissues or cells
- the IGFBP contained in the inhibitor is preferably derived from human.
- IGFBP-4 is a human-derived protein represented by the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 2.
- IGFBP-1 is preferably a human-derived protein represented by the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4.
- IGFBP-2 is a human-derived protein represented by the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 6.
- IGFBP-6 is a human-derived protein represented by the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 8.
- the range of IGFBP contained in the Wnt signaling inhibitor according to the present invention is represented by the amino acid sequence described in any one of SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 6, and SEQ ID NO: 8. Proteins that have sequence homology with the protein and that can bind to the Wnt receptor are included.
- the sequence homology is usually about 50% or more of the entire amino acid sequence, preferably about 70% or more, more preferably about 80% or more, more preferably about 90% or more, and even more preferably about 95% or more. .
- the range of IGFBP contained in the Wnt signaling inhibitor according to the present invention is 1 in the amino acid sequence described in any one of SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 6, and SEQ ID NO: 8. 1 or more, for example 1 to 100, preferably 1 to 30, more preferably 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 5, even more preferably 1 to 3, particularly preferably 1 or 2
- a protein represented by an amino acid sequence having a mutation such as amino acid deletion, substitution, addition or insertion, and capable of binding to a Wnt receptor is included.
- the degree of mutation and the position thereof are not particularly limited as long as the protein having the mutation is a protein capable of binding to a Wnt receptor, and more preferably a protein that inhibits Wnt signaling.
- a protein having such a mutation may be a protein naturally occurring, for example, by mutation or post-translational modification, or may be a protein obtained by introducing a mutation based on a gene derived from nature.
- Means for introducing mutation are known per se, and for example, site-specific mutagenesis, gene homologous recombination, primer extension, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), etc. can be used alone or in appropriate combination. For example, it may be carried out according to the method described in the book (eg Sambrook J.,. Russell DW, Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual second edition, (1989) Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) Yes, Ulmer's technology (Ulmer KM, Science, 219, 666-671 (1983)) can also be used.
- homologous amino acids polar amino acids, nonpolar amino acids, hydrophobic amino acids, Mutual substitution between hydrophilic amino acids, positively charged amino acids, negatively charged amino acids, aromatic amino acids, etc.
- Selection of IGFBP that can bind to the Wnt receptor can be carried out, for example, by performing a binding reaction with IGFBP using Frz8 or LRP6 which are Wnt receptors.
- the binding reaction can also be performed using the Wnt binding domain Frz8 cysteine rich domain (Frz8CRD), LPR6 extracellular part (LRP6N), or the like (see Example 1).
- the binding reaction can be performed by conventional protein binding assays.
- IGFBP can be modified as long as it is not accompanied by a significant change in function such as modification of its constituent amino group or carboxyl group, for example by amidation.
- it may be a protein labeled by adding another protein or the like to the amino terminal side or the carboxy terminal side directly or indirectly using a genetic engineering technique or the like via a linker peptide or the like. .
- labeling so that the basic properties of IGFBP are not inhibited is desirable.
- proteins to be added include enzymes such as glutathione, S-transferase, ⁇ -galactosidase, horseradish peroxidase or alkaline phosphatase, His-tag, Myc-tag, HA-tag, FLAG-tag or Xpress-tag.
- enzymes such as glutathione, S-transferase, ⁇ -galactosidase, horseradish peroxidase or alkaline phosphatase, His-tag, Myc-tag, HA-tag, FLAG-tag or Xpress-tag.
- tag peptides include, but are not limited to, tag peptides, fluorescent substances such as fluorescein isothiocyanate or phycoerythrin, maltose binding protein, Fc fragment of immunoglobulin or biotin. It is also possible to label with a radioisotope.
- the Wnt signal inhibitor containing these labeled IGFBPs can be effectively used for eluci
- IGFBP is available on the market.
- IGFBP can be produced by a general chemical synthesis method.
- a solid phase synthesis method or a liquid phase synthesis method is known as a protein chemical synthesis method, and any of them can be used.
- the protein synthesis method is based on the amino acid sequence information, and a so-called stepwise elongation method in which each amino acid is sequentially linked one by one to extend the chain, and a fragment consisting of several amino acids is synthesized in advance.
- the fragment condensation method in which each fragment is then subjected to a coupling reaction, and IGFBP can be synthesized by any of them.
- Condensation methods used in the above protein synthesis methods can also follow conventional methods, for example, azide method, mixed acid anhydride method, DCC method, active ester method, redox method, DPPA (diphenylphosphoryl azide) method, DCC + addition Examples thereof include 1-hydroxybenzotriazole, N-hydroxysuccinamide, N-hydroxy-5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboximide method, and Woodward method.
- the IGFBP obtained by chemical synthesis can be further appropriately purified according to various conventional purification methods. Separation and / or purification can be performed with the function of IGFBP, for example, binding activity with IGF or Wnt receptor as an index.
- the separation operation method for example, ammonium sulfate precipitation, ultrafiltration, gel chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, affinity chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, dialysis method and the like can be used alone or in appropriate combination.
- a specific adsorption method using a specific antibody against IGFBP for example, affinity chromatography using a column to which the antibody is bound.
- IGFBP is also based on general genetic engineering techniques (Sambrook J., Russell DW, Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual second edition, (1989) Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory; Ulmer KM, Science, 219, 666-671 (1983); Ehrlich HA, PCR Technology: Principles and Applications for DNA Amplification, 1989 (Stockton Press, New York etc.).
- a cDNA library is prepared from various cells and tissues in which the expression of the gene encoding IGFBP has been confirmed, or cultured cells derived therefrom according to a conventional method, and appropriate primers specific to the gene are prepared. It can be obtained by amplifying the gene by use and inducing expression of the obtained gene by a known genetic engineering technique.
- IGFBP-4 is observed at a high level in the liver, and is also observed in ovary, thyroid gland, smooth muscle cells and the like. Expression of the gene encoding IGFBP-1 has been observed in the liver. Expression of the gene encoding IGFBP-2 is observed in the prostate, liver, heart, pancreas and the like. Expression of the gene encoding IGFBP-6 is observed in smooth muscle, prostate, thyroid, cardiomyocytes and the like.
- IGFBP can be produced by genetic engineering techniques. For example, a gene encoding IGFBP is first inserted into an appropriate expression vector, and the resulting recombinant vector is introduced into an appropriate host cell to transform the transformant.
- Expression vectors and host cells can be appropriately selected from those generally used for protein expression.
- the culture conditions and culture method of the transformant can be carried out under conditions and methods known per se that are optimal for the selected host.
- IGFBP can be appropriately recovered from the obtained culture. Since IGFBP is a secreted protein, it is produced not only in the transformant but also in the culture solution. Therefore, IGFBP can be recovered from the disrupted transformant after culturing or the culture solution by the various conventional purification methods.
- the present invention also relates to a Wnt signaling inhibitor containing an effective amount of a polynucleotide encoding an IGFBP and a protein capable of binding to a Wnt receptor as an active ingredient.
- the Wnt signaling inhibitor according to the present invention may be an IGFBP that contains one type of polynucleotide encoding a protein capable of binding to a Wnt receptor, and two or more types of the polynucleotides may be used. It may be contained.
- IGFBP can be expressed in an appropriate cell by introducing a polynucleotide encoding a protein that can bind to a Wnt receptor into IGFBP. Since IGFBP is a secreted protein, it is secreted extracellularly. Therefore, the drug containing the above polynucleotide acts as a Wnt signaling inhibitor through the expression of IGFBP by being introduced into the cell. Introduction of a polynucleotide into a cell can be performed by a conventional genetic engineering technique using an appropriate expression vector into which the polynucleotide has been inserted.
- a range of Wnt signaling inhibitors containing a polynucleotide encoding a protein capable of binding to a Wnt receptor, which is an IGFBP may be referred to as an expression vector in which the polynucleotide is inserted (hereinafter referred to as IGFBP expression vector).
- IGFBP expression vector a Wnt signal transduction inhibitor containing the polynucleotide and a cell containing the polynucleotide and expressing the polynucleotide.
- the IGFBP-expressing cell may preferably be a cell transfected with an IGFBP expression vector.
- the expression vector and the cell into which the expression vector is transfected can be appropriately selected from those generally used for protein expression.
- the vector DNA is not particularly limited as long as it can be replicated in the host.
- a part of the DNA other than the part necessary for propagation is partially present. Missing vector DNA may be used.
- plasmid, bacteriophage and virus-derived vector DNA can be exemplified.
- plasmid DNA include Escherichia coli-derived plasmids, Bacillus subtilis-derived plasmids, and yeast-derived plasmids.
- An example of bacteriophage DNA is ⁇ phage.
- vector DNA derived from viruses examples include vectors derived from animal viruses such as retrovirus, vaccinia virus, adenovirus, papova virus, SV40, fowlpox virus, and pseudorabies virus, or vectors derived from insect viruses such as baculovirus.
- vector DNA derived from a transposon, an insertion element, or a yeast chromosome element can be exemplified.
- vector DNA prepared by combining these, specifically, vector DNA (cosmid, phagemid, etc.) prepared by combining plasmid and bacteriophage genetic elements can be exemplified.
- a cell is a biological origin cell
- it is an animal origin cell, More preferably, it is a mammal origin cell, More preferably, it is a human origin cell.
- the cell is preferably an isolated cell or a cultured cell, and more preferably subjected to a growth suppression treatment.
- the cell growth inhibition treatment can be performed by a known method such as irradiation.
- the polynucleotide contained in the Wnt signaling inhibitor according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a polynucleotide encoding IGFBP and a protein capable of binding to a Wnt receptor.
- a polynucleotide encoding IGFBP that binds to a Wnt receptor and inhibits Wnt signaling is suitable.
- a polynucleotide encoding IGFBP capable of binding to a Wnt receptor preferably a polynucleotide encoding IGFBP-1, a polynucleotide encoding IGFBP-2, a polynucleotide encoding IGFBP-4, and IGFBP-6
- IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-4, and IGFBP-6 IGFBP-4 has the highest binding activity with Wnt receptor and Wnt signaling inhibition action.
- the polynucleotide encoding IGFBP-4 can be exemplified as the polynucleotide encoding IGFBP contained in the Wnt signaling inhibitor according to the present invention.
- the polynucleotide encoding IGFBP may be derived from any species, and is preferably derived from the same species as the application target of the Wnt signaling inhibitor according to the present invention.
- the application target of the Wnt signaling inhibitor according to the present invention is human or human tissue or cell
- the polynucleotide encoding IGFBP contained in the inhibitor is preferably human.
- a preferred example of the polynucleotide encoding IGFBP-4 is a human-derived polynucleotide represented by the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1.
- a human-derived polynucleotide represented by the base sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 3 can be exemplified.
- polynucleotide encoding IGFBP-2 is preferably a human-derived polynucleotide represented by the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5.
- polynucleotide encoding IGFBP-6 is preferably a human-derived polynucleotide represented by the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7.
- the range of the polynucleotide encoding IGFBP contained in the Wnt signaling inhibitor according to the present invention includes a base according to any one selected from SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 5, and SEQ ID NO: 7.
- a polynucleotide encoding a protein having sequence homology and capable of binding to a Wnt receptor is included.
- the sequence homology is usually about 50% or more, preferably about 70% or more, more preferably about 80% or more, more preferably about 90% or more, and still more preferably about 95% or more of the entire base sequence. .
- the range of the polynucleotide encoding IGFBP contained in the Wnt signaling inhibitor according to the present invention is also described in any one selected from SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 5, and SEQ ID NO: 7. 1 or more, for example 1 to 100, preferably 1 to 30, more preferably 1 to 10, still more preferably 1 to 5, even more preferably 1 to 3, particularly preferably 1
- a polynucleotide represented by a nucleotide sequence having a mutation such as deletion, substitution, addition or insertion of one or two nucleotides and encoding a protein capable of binding to a Wnt receptor is included.
- the degree of mutation and the position thereof are a polynucleotide encoding a protein that can bind to a Wnt receptor, and more preferably a polynucleotide encoding a protein that inhibits Wnt signaling.
- the polynucleotide having such a mutation may be a naturally occurring polynucleotide, or a polynucleotide obtained by introducing a mutation based on a gene derived from nature, for example, a polynucleotide having an induced mutation.
- Means for introducing a mutation are known per se, and for example, site-specific mutagenesis, gene homologous recombination, primer extension, PCR or the like can be used alone or in appropriate combination.
- the range of polynucleotides encoding IGFBP contained in the Wnt signaling inhibitor according to the present invention includes polynucleotides including the above polynucleotides.
- Selection of a polynucleotide encoding IGFBP that can bind to a Wnt receptor is achieved by, for example, expressing a polynucleotide to be tested in a cell to obtain a protein encoded by the polynucleotide, and using the Wnt receptor Frz8 or LRP6.
- the binding reaction can also be performed using their Wnt binding domain, Frz8 cysteine-rich domain (Frz8CRD), LRP6 extracellular part (LRP6N), etc. (see Example 1).
- the binding reaction can be performed by conventional protein binding assays.
- the present invention also relates to a method for inhibiting Wnt signaling, which comprises using a protein that is IGFBP and can bind to a Wnt receptor.
- the method for inhibiting Wnt signaling according to the present invention may be one using IGFBP and one type of protein capable of binding to a Wnt receptor, or two or more types of the protein.
- Inhibition of Wnt signaling can be achieved by contacting a protein that can bind to a Wnt receptor, which is IGFBP, and a cell having a Wnt signaling pathway (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a target cell).
- a protein that can bind to the Wnt receptor which is IGFBP
- the treatment in vitro can be performed by adding a protein capable of binding to the Wnt receptor, which is IGFBP, during the culture of the target cells.
- Treatment in vivo can be performed by administering to the subject a protein that can bind to the Wnt receptor.
- the present invention also relates to a method for inhibiting Wnt signaling, which comprises using a polynucleotide encoding a protein that is IGFBP and can bind to a Wnt receptor.
- the method for inhibiting Wnt signaling according to the present invention may use one type of polynucleotide that encodes a protein that is IGFBP and can bind to a Wnt receptor, and uses two or more types of the polynucleotides. It may be a thing.
- Inhibition of Wnt signaling can be achieved by introducing into a cell a polynucleotide that encodes a protein that is IGFBP and can bind to a Wnt receptor. Since IGFBP is a secreted protein, IGFBP expressed intracellularly is secreted extracellularly and inhibits Wnt signaling by inhibiting the binding of Wnt and Wnt receptors. Moreover, since IGFBP has an effect on the paracrine mode, Wnt signaling can be inhibited by treating target cells with IGFBP-expressing cells that secrete IGFBP.
- the IGFBP-expressing cell may preferably be a cell transfected with an IGFBP expression vector.
- Treatment of a target cell with a polynucleotide encoding an IGFBP-binding protein capable of binding to a Wnt receptor, an IGFBP expression vector, and an IGFBP-expressing cell may be performed in vitro or in vivo.
- the treatment in vitro can be carried out by introducing the above-mentioned polynucleotide or IGFBP expression vector into the cultured target cells by a known genetic engineering technique, or by adding IGFBP-expressing cells to the target cell culture.
- the treatment in vivo can be carried out by administering the polynucleotide, IGFBP expression vector, or IGFBP expression cell to the subject.
- the cell When administering an IGFBP-expressing cell in an in vivo treatment, the cell is preferably an isolated cell or a cultured cell, and more preferably a cell that has undergone a growth inhibition treatment.
- the cell growth inhibition treatment can be performed by a known method such as irradiation.
- cells collected from a subject are preferably transformed with an expression vector into which a polynucleotide encoding a protein capable of binding to Wnt receptor, which is IGFBP, and then administered to the same subject.
- the present invention also relates to the use of a protein capable of binding to a Wnt receptor, which is IGFBP, and / or a polynucleotide encoding the protein, in the manufacture of a Wnt signaling inhibitor.
- the present invention also relates to a preventive and / or therapeutic agent for diseases caused by enhancement of Wnt signaling, which contains the above-mentioned Wnt signaling inhibitor as an active ingredient in an effective amount thereof. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for preventing and / or treating a disease caused by enhanced Wnt signaling, which comprises using the above-mentioned Wnt signaling inhibitor. The present invention also relates to the use of the Wnt signaling inhibitor in the prevention and / or treatment of diseases caused by enhanced Wnt signaling.
- Wnt is a protein that regulates morphogenesis and is known to be involved in various phenomena such as development, stem cell differentiation control, and cell canceration. It has also been reported that Wnt is an important factor for stem cell proliferation regulation and survival (Non-patent Documents 5 and 6). Therefore, abnormalities in Wnt signaling cause diseases due to developmental abnormalities such as congenital heart failure and diseases related to abnormal cell functions, such as cancer diseases.
- Classical Wnt signaling plays a critical role in cardiomyocyte differentiation (Non-Patent Documents 2 and 4).
- Classic Wnt signaling also inhibits heart development in chick and frog embryos, and Wnt antagonists such as Dkk (dickkopf) and crescents secreted from the anterior endoderm or organizer region are Wnt It has been shown to induce cardiac development in the anterior lateral mesoderm against the mediated inhibition signal (Naito, AT et al., Developmental stage-specific biphasic roles of Wnt / beta-catenin signaling in cardiomyogenesis and hematopoiesis., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103, 19812-7 (2006); Tzahor, E.
- classical Wnt signaling has a counter-effect on heart development at various stages of development. That is, classical Wnt signaling (i) promotes cardiac development at the time of gastrulation or mesoderm specification, and (ii) cardiac development at the time when cardiac mesoderm is specified in the anterior lateral mesoderm (Iii) promotes the proliferation of cardiac progenitor cells in the secondary heart region, and (iv) inhibits cardiac development later in the development of the embryonic heart.
- the Wnt signaling inhibitor according to the present invention can be used for the preparation of cardiomyocytes by inducing differentiation of cardiomyocytes, and can also be applied to the induction of heart development.
- IGFBP contained in the Wnt signaling inhibitor according to the present invention induced cardiomyocyte differentiation (see Example 1).
- IGFBP-4 induced the differentiation of mouse-derived cell lines P19CL6 cells and embryonic stem cells (ES cells) into cardiomyocytes.
- ES cells embryonic stem cells
- knockdown of IGFBP-4 or activation of the Wnt pathway impaired normal heart development in Xenopus embryos, but cardiac defects due to knockdown of IGFBP-4 were also associated with IGFBP- It recovered by the expression of 4.
- Such cardiomyocyte-inducing activity and cardiogenic activity of IGFBP-4 are due to WGF signaling inhibitory action of IGFBP-4. Inhibition of Wnt signaling in heart development is necessary late in development when the heart is already formed in the abdomen and begins to grow and reorganize to maintain embryonic blood circulation. Therefore, when IGFBP is used for, for example, differentiation of ES cells into cardiomyocytes, it is preferable to apply them after the late-stage embryoid body formation.
- “Differentiation” or “differentiation of cells” refers to cells that have specific characteristics morphologically and functionally from so-called undifferentiated cells that do not have specific characteristics morphologically and functionally. What happens. In addition, specific genes that were not found in undifferentiated cells are expressed during the differentiation process. Expression of such genes is also included in “differentiation”. “Inducing differentiation” refers to generating cells having morphological and functional characteristics from undifferentiated cells. In addition, expression of a specific gene not found in undifferentiated cells is also included in “inducing differentiation”.
- “Differentiation of cardiomyocytes” refers to the formation of morphological and functional cells as cardiomyocytes by the division of undifferentiated cells.
- expression of genes characteristic of cardiomyocytes is also included in “cardiomyocyte differentiation”. Cardiomyocytes exhibit adhesion and extensibility as morphological features. As a functional feature, cardiomyocytes spontaneously pulsate when stratified. Examples of genes characteristic of cardiomyocytes include cardiac expression marker genes such as ⁇ myosin heavy chain ( ⁇ MHC) gene, Nkx2.5 gene, GATA-4 gene, cardiac troponin T (cTnT) gene and the like. “Inducing differentiation of cardiomyocytes” refers to generating cells having morphological and functional characteristics as cardiomyocytes from undifferentiated cells. In addition, expression of a gene characteristic of cardiomyocytes is also included in “inducing cardiomyocyte differentiation”.
- a cardiomyocyte differentiation inducing agent containing an effective amount of the Wnt signaling inhibitor and a cardiomyocyte differentiation inducing method using the Wnt signaling inhibitor can be provided.
- Induction of cardiomyocyte differentiation can be achieved by bringing the Wnt signaling inhibitor into contact with cells that can differentiate into cardiomyocytes.
- Examples of cells that can differentiate into cardiomyocytes include pluripotent stem cells.
- a “pluripotent stem cell” refers to a cell that can differentiate into cells having functional and morphological characteristics that constitute various tissues or organs and has the ability to self-replicate. Examples of pluripotent stem cells include tissue stem cells, embryonic stem cells (ES cells) and induced pluripotent stem cells.
- tissue stem cell refers to an undifferentiated cell that exists in an adult tissue and has a self-replicating ability.
- tissue stem cells include bone marrow-derived stem cells and heart-derived stem cells.
- ES cells are cell lines of stem cells made from the inner cell mass belonging to part of the embryo at the blastocyst stage, which is the early stage of animal development, and the functional and morphological structures that make up various tissues or organs Refers to a cell that can be differentiated into a characteristically characterized cell.
- Artificial pluripotent stem cells refer to cells that have been made pluripotent by introducing several types of transcription factor genes into somatic cells such as fibroblasts.
- the contact between the Wnt signaling inhibitor and a cell capable of differentiating into a cardiomyocyte can be carried out by either in vitro treatment or in vivo treatment.
- In vitro treatment can be carried out by adding the above Wnt signaling inhibitor during cell culture.
- the treatment in vivo can be performed by administering the above Wnt signaling inhibitor to the subject.
- cardiomyocytes obtained by the cardiomyocyte differentiation inducing method and its use.
- the cardiomyocytes are preferably cultured cardiomyocytes.
- Cardiomyocytes were induced by the expression of cardiac expression marker genes such as ⁇ myosin heavy chain ( ⁇ MHC) gene, Nkx2.5 gene, GATA-4 gene, etc., and expression of cardiac troponin T (cTnT) protein in the cells. Can be confirmed. Measurement of the expression of these genes can be carried out by a gene detection method known per se. Specific examples of the gene detection method include plaque hybridization, colony hybridization, Southern blot method, Northern blot method, NASBA (Nucleic Acid Sequence-Based Amplification) method, or RT-PCR. In addition, gene detection methods at the cell level using in-situ RT-PCR, in-situ hybridization, and the like can be exemplified. Moreover, you may detect the protein encoded by this gene using the antibody which recognizes this protein specifically.
- ⁇ MHC ⁇ myo
- the cardiomyocytes provided by the cardiomyocyte differentiation inducing method according to the present invention can be used for the construction or reconstruction of myocardial tissue in vitro or in vivo.
- regenerative medicine by reconstructing myocardial tissue has been energetically studied as a treatment method for heart failure.
- Heart failure is a pathophysiological condition in which cardiac function, such as the contraction and expansion of the heart, is reduced and the blood circulation necessary for whole body tissues is insufficient.
- Cardiac disease, myocardial infarction, and valvular heart disease It is a condition that appears at the end of the period. In many of such heart diseases, damage or degeneration of myocardial tissue is observed.
- Reconstruction of damaged or degenerated myocardial tissue can treat these diseases and prevent and / or treat heart failure.
- Reconstruction of myocardial tissue is performed by injecting myocardial cells into damaged or degenerated myocardial tissue, or by culturing myocardial cell sheets obtained by culturing myocardial cells or layered cardiomyocytes laminated with cardiomyocyte sheets It can be carried out by transplanting using a conventional technique. Further, it has been reported that stratified cardiomyocytes spontaneously show pulsation when transplanted into a living body, and can be used as a heart for transplantation.
- cardiomyocytes provided by this method are useful for the construction or reconstruction of myocardial tissue, they can be used for treatment aimed at repairing the myocardium in the heart in which damage or degeneration has occurred. It can be used to treat various heart diseases such as heart disease, myocardial infarction, and valvular heart disease.
- the Wnt signaling inhibitor according to the present invention can be applied to the prevention and / or treatment of cancer diseases.
- IGFBP-4 treatment reduced cell proliferation in vitro in several cancer cell lines, and that overexpression of IGFBP-4 reduced growth in prostate cancer in vivo.
- IGFBP-4 IGFBP-4's carcinogenesis-inhibiting action has been known to be caused by binding to IGF and inhibiting its cell proliferation action, since IGF is known to cause cell proliferation action.
- the inhibitory effect of IGFBP-4 on cell proliferation may be mediated in part by inhibition of classical Wnt signaling.
- the drug according to the present invention may be prepared as a pharmaceutical composition further containing various commonly used pharmaceutical carriers, if necessary, in addition to the active ingredient.
- a pharmaceutical carrier for example, one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, disintegrants, diluents, lubricants, flavoring agents, coloring agents, sweetening agents, corrigents, suspending agents, wetting agents Agents, emulsifiers, dispersants, adjuvants, preservatives, buffers, binders, stabilizers, coating agents and the like may be included.
- the Wnt signal inhibitor according to the present invention can be prepared as a pharmaceutical composition further containing a known Wnt signal inhibitor in addition to a pharmaceutical carrier.
- the cardiomyocyte differentiation inducer according to the present invention can be prepared as a pharmaceutical composition containing a known cardiomyocyte differentiation inducer in addition to a pharmaceutical carrier.
- the amount of the active ingredient contained in the drug or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention can be appropriately determined depending on the dose range of the active ingredient, the number of times of medication, and the like. For example, it is about 0.1 ⁇ g or more, preferably 1 ⁇ g or more, more preferably 10 ⁇ g or more, still more preferably 100 ⁇ g or more, and even more preferably 1 mg or more.
- the dose of the drug or pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention is generally about 1 ng / ml to about 1 mg / ml, preferably about 10 ng / ml to about 100 ⁇ g / ml, more preferably when applied to cultured cells. Is effective at concentrations ranging from about 100 ng / ml to about 10 ⁇ g / ml, more preferably from about 100 ng / ml to about 1 ⁇ g / ml.
- the dose range is not particularly limited, and the effectiveness of the contained components, the dosage form, the administration route, the type of disease, the nature of the subject (weight, age) And the use of other medical agents, etc.) and the judgment of the doctor in charge, etc.
- a drug according to the present invention is administered to a subject
- generally an appropriate dose is, for example, in the range of about 0.01 ⁇ g to about 100 mg, preferably about 0.1 ⁇ g to about 1 mg, per kg of the subject's body weight. preferable.
- these dose modifications can be made using general routine experimentation for optimization well known in the art.
- the above dose can be administered once to several times a day.
- the administration route can be selected from systemic administration or local administration.
- an appropriate administration route is selected according to the disease, symptoms and the like.
- the drug according to the present invention can be administered by either oral route or parenteral route.
- parenteral routes include normal intravenous administration and intraarterial administration, as well as subcutaneous, intradermal and intramuscular administration.
- transmucosal administration or transdermal administration can be performed.
- the dosage form is not particularly limited, and various dosage forms such as tablets, capsules, powders, granules, pills, solutions, emulsions, suspensions, solutions, spirits, for oral administration, Syrups, extracts, and elixirs can be used.
- parenteral agents include injections such as subcutaneous injections, intravenous injections, intramuscular injections, intraperitoneal injections; transdermal administration or patches, ointments or lotions; sublingual agents for oral administration Oral aerosol; as well as aerosols for nasal administration; suppositories, but not limited to.
- These preparations can be produced by known methods usually used in the preparation process.
- a tablet When preparing an oral solid preparation, after adding an excipient, if necessary, a binder, a disintegrant, a lubricant, a coloring agent, a corrigent, a flavoring agent and the like to the active ingredient, a tablet by a conventional method, Coated tablets, granules, powders, capsules and the like can be produced.
- Such additives may be those commonly used in the art.
- excipients include lactose, sucrose, sodium chloride, glucose, starch, calcium carbonate, kaolin, microcrystalline cellulose, silicic acid As a binder, water, ethanol, propanol, simple syrup, glucose solution, starch solution, gelatin solution, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropyl starch, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, shellac, calcium phosphate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, etc.
- Disintegrants include dry starch, sodium alginate, agar powder, sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, sodium lauryl sulfate, stearic acid monoglyceride, lactose, etc.
- lubricants include purified talc, stearate, C sand, polyethylene glycol, sucrose as a flavoring agent, orange peel, citric acid, can be exemplified tartaric acid.
- an oral solution, a syrup, an elixir, etc. can be produced by adding a flavoring agent, a buffering agent, a stabilizer, a flavoring agent and the like to the active ingredient by a conventional method.
- the flavoring agent may be those listed above
- examples of the buffer include sodium citrate
- examples of the stabilizer include tragacanth, gum arabic, and gelatin.
- pH adjuster and buffer examples include sodium citrate, sodium acetate, and sodium phosphate.
- stabilizer examples include sodium pyrosulfite, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), thioglycolic acid, and thiolactic acid.
- local anesthetics examples include procaine hydrochloride and lidocaine hydrochloride.
- isotonic agents include sodium chloride and glucose.
- a formulation carrier known in the art as an active ingredient for example, polyethylene glycol, lanolin, cocoa butter, fatty acid triglyceride, etc., if necessary, a surfactant such as Tween registered trademark , etc. Can be produced by a conventional method.
- bases, stabilizers, wetting agents, preservatives and the like that are usually used as active ingredients are blended as necessary, and mixed and formulated in a conventional manner.
- the base include liquid paraffin, white petrolatum, white beeswax, octyldodecyl alcohol, paraffin and the like.
- the preservative include methyl paraoxybenzoate, ethyl paraoxybenzoate, propyl paraoxybenzoate, and the like.
- the ointment, cream, gel, paste or the like may be applied to a normal support by a conventional method.
- a woven fabric, nonwoven fabric, soft vinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyurethane, or a film or foam sheet made of cotton, suf, or chemical fiber is suitable.
- the drug according to the present invention may be a sustained or sustained release dosage form.
- the drug and pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention are used as a gene therapy agent, it is preferably prepared as an injection, a drip infusion, or a liposome preparation.
- the gene therapy agent is prepared in a form containing cells into which the gene has been introduced, the cell is formulated in phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.4), Ringer's solution, or an injection for intracellular composition. It can also be prepared. Moreover, it can also adjust to the form administered together with the substance which improves gene transfer efficiency, such as a protamine.
- the pharmaceutical composition can be administered once or divided into several times a day, and can also be intermittently administered at intervals of 1 to several weeks. The administration method can follow the method used in general gene therapy.
- XIGFBP-4 Materials and methods (plasmids and reagents) CDNA clones of mouse IGFBP and Xenopus IGFBP-4 (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as XIGFBP-4) were purchased from Open Biosystmes. A mutant (XIGFBP-4-H74P) in which the 74th histidine (His) was replaced by proline (Pro) in XIGFBP-4 was prepared using a QuikChange registered Site-Directed Mutagenesis kit (Stratagene). Such mutants do not bind to IGF.
- His-tagged human wild-type IGFBP-4 and mutant IGFBP-4-H74P (Qin, X., Strong, DD, Baylink, DJ & Mohan, S., Structure-function analysis of the human insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4., J Biol Chem 273, 23509-16 (1998)) was prepared and purified using the HitTrap HP kit (Amersham).
- Soluble LRP6 deletion mutants and in situ hybridization analysis probes were prepared by PCR.
- IGFBP-4, Wnt3A, IGF-I, IGF-II, and BMP2 were purchased from R & D.
- Neutralizing antibodies were purchased from R & D (anti-IGFBP-4 antibody), Sigma (anti-IGF-I antibody and anti-IGF-II antibody), and Oncogene (anti-type I IGF receptor antibody).
- the antibodies used for immunoprecipitation, western blotting, and immunostaining were Invitrogen (anti-Myc antibody and anti-V5 antibody), Santa Cruz (anti-troponin T (cTnT) antibody, anti-IGFBP-4 antibody, anti-ITO isomerase I ( TOPO-I) antibody, Sigma (anti- ⁇ -actin antibody, anti- ⁇ -catenin antibody, and anti-FLAG (M2) antibody), and Developmental-Studies-Hybridoma-Bank (anti-sarcomeric myosin heavy chain antibody (MF20)).
- Full length Frz8, Frz8 cysteine rich domain (Frz8CRD), and LRP6 extracellular part (LRP6N) are described in the literature (He, X. et al., A member of the Frizzled protein family mediating axis induction by Wnt-5A Science 275, 1652-4 (1997); Tamai, K. et al., LDL-receptor-related proteins in Wnt signal transduction., Nature 407, 530-5 (2000)).
- Full length LRP6, membrane-bound LRP6 deletion mutant, DKK1 (dickkopf-1) is described in the literature (Mao, B.
- LDL-receptor-related protein 6 is a receptor for Dickkopf proteins., Nature 411, 321-5 (2001)).
- the expression vectors for Xenopus Wnt8 (Xwnt8), pXwnt8 and pCSKA-Xwnt8, are described in the literature (Christian, JL, McMahon, JA, McMahon, AP & Moon, RT, a Xenopus Wnt-1 / int-1-related gene responsive to mesoderm-inducing growth factors, may play a role in ventral mesodermal patterning during embryogenesis., Development 111, 1045-55 (1991); Christian, JL & Moon, RT, Interactionsnt-8between and Spemann organizer signaling pathways generate dorsoventral pattern in the embryonic mesoderm of Xenopus., Genes Dev 7, 13-28 (1993)).
- PCS2- ⁇ -catenin a ⁇ -catenin expression vector
- ⁇ MHC-GFP an expression vector for green fluorescent protein (GFP) controlled by the ⁇ myosin heavy chain ( ⁇ MHC) promoter
- the BMP-responsive reporter gene BRE-luc is described in the literature (Korchynskyi, O. & ten Dijke, P., Identification and functional characterization of distinct critically important bone morphogenetic protein-specific response elements in the Id1 promoter. , J Biol Chem 277, 4883-91 (2002)).
- the pCGN-Dv1-1 a Disheveled-1 (Dvl-1) expression vector, has been described in the literature (Kishida, M. et al., Synergistic activation of the Wnt signaling pathway by Dvl and casein kinase Iepsilon ., J Biol Chem 276, 33147-55 (2001)).
- P19CL6 cells or ES cells stably transfected with ⁇ MHC-GFP were prepared by transfecting P19CL6 cells or ht7 ES cells with ⁇ MHC-GFP and then selecting with G418.
- Luciferase reporter gene assay was performed in a manner similar to that described in previous reports (Naito, AT et al., Developmental stage-specific biphasic roles of Wnt / beta-catenin signaling in cardiomyogenesis and hematopoiesis., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103, 19812-7 (2006)).
- the reporter gene assay was repeated at least 3 times.
- PCR primers and PCR conditions are listed in Table 1.
- siRNA construct Knockdown of IGFBP by a short interfering RNA (siRNA) construct was performed by expressing siRNA in cells using a pSIREN-RetroQ vector (Clontech). Specifically, pSIREN-RetroQ vector conjugated with double stranded oligonucleotide was transfected into P19CL6 cells or ES cells and puromycin resistant clones were isolated and propagated.
- siRNA short interfering RNA
- Table 2 lists the nucleotide sequences of the oligonucleotides that make up the double-stranded oligonucleotide.
- ⁇ -catenin stabilization assay was performed using nuclear extract of L cells.
- a nuclear extract of L cells was prepared using NE-PER Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Extraction reagent (Pierce). Data are shown as mean ⁇ standard deviation.
- IP Immunoprecipitation
- Western analysis and binding assay The IP / Western analysis was performed using 293 cells prepared with conditioned medium containing full-length IGFBP or various deletion mutants thereof, LRP6, Frz8CRD, and DKK1, respectively. The binding reaction was performed overnight at 4 ° C. Immunoprecipitation was performed using Protein G Sepharose 4 Fast Flow (Amersham). 125 I labeling of IGFBP-4 and Wnt3A was performed using IODO-BEADS ® iodination reagent (Pierce Co.).
- the liquid phase binding assay was basically performed in the same manner as previously reported (Semenov, MV et al., Head inducer Dickkopf-1 is a ligand for Wnt coreceptor LRP6., Curr Biol 11, 951- 61 (2001)). Briefly, LRP6N with Myc tag (LRP6N-Myc) or Frz8CRD with Myc tag (Frz8CRD-Myc) was mixed with various concentrations of 125 I-labeled IGFBP-4 and overnight at 4 ° C. Incubated. After immunoprecipitation of LRP6N-Myc or Frz8CRD-Myc and extensive washing of Protein G Sepharose beads, the radioactivity of bound IGFBP-4 was measured.
- conditioned media containing LRP6N-Myc or Frz8CRD-Myc was mixed with 125 I-labeled Wnt3A and unlabeled IGFBP-4 and incubated overnight at 4 ° C. LRP6N-Myc or Frz8CRD-Myc was then immunoprecipitated and the radioactivity of bound Wnt3A was measured.
- Xenopus experiment and mouse in situ hybridization analysis The Axis duplication assay, animal cap assay, and in situ hybridization analysis in Xenopus were basically performed in the same manner as previously reported (Kobayashi, H. et al., Novel Daple-like). protein positively regulates both the Wnt / beta-catenin pathway and the Wnt / JNK pathway in Xenopus., Mech Dev 122, 1138-53 (2005)).
- XIGFBP-4 two distinct cDNAs, possibly due to a pseudotetraploid genome, were identified by the 5′RACE (Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends) method. Two separate MOs were designed that target both of these two IGFBP-4 transcripts (Gene Tools).
- MO1 targets a sequence consisting of 25 nucleotides from the second nucleotide adjacent upstream of the translation initiation codon to the 23rd nucleotide of the translation region
- MO2 targets a sequence consisting of 25 nucleotides of the untranslated region.
- the MO-sensitive XIGFBP-4 cDNA contains a 41 bp 5 ′ untranslated region and was prepared by PCR.
- MO resistant XIGFBP-4 cDNA wild type and H74P mutant was made by introducing 5 silent mutations into the MO1 target sequence and deleting the 5 ′ untranslated region.
- MO-sensitive or MO-resistant XIGFBP-4-Myc mRNA was injected into Xenopus embryos with or without MO, and protein and mRNA expression was analyzed. PCR primers and PCR conditions are listed in Table 1 above.
- MO and plasmid DNA were injected into the dorsal area of two dorsal plant blastomeres destined for the heart and liver primordia at the 8-cell stage.
- the introduction of mRNA by electroporation was performed essentially in the same manner as previously reported (Sasagawa, S., Takabatake, T., Takabatake, Y., Muramatsu, T. & Takeshima, K.
- P19CL6 cells 2000 cells / 35 mm petri dishes
- a culture medium conditioned by various types of cells in the absence of DMSO
- the cardiogenic activity of each conditioned medium was selected.
- the degree of cardiomyocyte differentiation was evaluated by immunostaining using a monoclonal antibody that recognizes the sarcomeric myosin heavy chain (MF20, Developmental® Studies® Hybridoma® Bank).
- MF20 monoclonal antibody that recognizes the sarcomeric myosin heavy chain
- An increase in the MF20 positive area indicates differentiation of P19CL6 cells into cardiomyocytes.
- cardiac marker ⁇ myosin heavy chain ( ⁇ MHC), Nkx2.5, and GATA-4) gene expression in cultured P19CL6 cells, and cardiac cTnT protein were detected.
- Detection of cardiac marker gene expression was performed by RT-PCR using primers for each gene. As a control, ⁇ -actin gene expression was detected. The primers and PCR conditions used are shown in Table 1 above.
- the cTnT protein was detected by Western blotting using an anti-cTnT antibody (Santa Cruz). As a control, actin was detected using an anti- ⁇ -actin antibody (Sigma).
- culture medium conditioned by mouse bone marrow mesenchymal cell line OP9 induced differentiation of P19CL6 cells into cardiomyocytes without treatment with DMSO (FIG. 1-a, left and center panels).
- the MF20 positive region increased with induction of cardiac marker genes such as ⁇ MHC, Nkx2.5, and GATA-4 and increased cTnT protein levels (FIG. 1-a, right panel).
- culture media conditioned by COS7 cells, mouse embryonic fibroblasts, NIH3T3 cells, HeLa cells, END2 cells (visceral endoderm-like cells), neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, and neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts are Differentiation of P19CL6 cells into cardiomyocytes in the absence of DMSO was not induced (FIG. 1-a and data not shown).
- OP9 cells secrete cardiogenic factor.
- cDNA clones (Ueno, H. et al., A stromal cell-derived membrane protein that supports hematopoietic stem cells isolated from the OP9 cell cDNA library by the signal sequence strap method ., Nat Immunol 4, 457-63 (2003)) were tested for their cardiogenic activity by transient expression. Where possible, the results were also confirmed using recombinant proteins.
- IGFBP-4 treatment induced differentiation of P19CL6 cells into cardiomyocytes by increasing the MF20 positive region and inducing cardiac markers (FIG. 1-b).
- P19CL6 cells were cultured in OP9 conditioned medium pretreated with anti-IGFBP-4 neutralizing antibody (R & D)
- anti-IGFBP-4 neutralizing antibody R & D
- application of anti-IGFBP-4 neutralizing antibody was applied to cardiomyocytes induced by OP9 conditioned medium. Differentiation efficiency was reduced (FIG. 1-c).
- IGFBP-4 is a cardiogenic factor secreted from OP9 cells.
- IGFBP-4 induces myocardial development Since IGFBP is considered to be a molecule that binds to IGF and regulates its action, IGFBP-4 enhances the action of IGF and Whether it was due to inhibition was examined.
- P19CL6 cells were treated with a combination of an anti-IGF-I neutralizing antibody (manufactured by Sigma) and an anti-IGF-II neutralizing antibody (manufactured by Sigma), or a neutralizing antibody against an IGF type I receptor (manufactured by Oncogene). .
- IGFBP-4 induces cardiomyocyte differentiation by inhibiting IGF signaling.
- IGFBP-4 cardiac development it was determined that IGFBP-4 induces cardiomyocyte differentiation by enhancing IGF signaling.
- IGFBP-4-H74P an IGFBP-4 mutant that does not bind to IGF instead of IGFBP-4.
- IGFBP-4 induces cardiomyocyte differentiation in an IGF-independent manner.
- Non-Patent Documents 2 and 4 It has been shown that classical Wnt signaling plays a crucial role in cardiomyocyte differentiation.
- IGFBP-4 regulates classical Wnt signaling was examined.
- the examination was performed using a reporter gene TOPLFASH (manufactured by Upstate) capable of measuring the transcriptional activity of the ⁇ -catenin-dependent transcription factor Tcf and its negative control FOPLFASH (manufactured by Upstate).
- TOPLFASH manufactured by Upstate
- P19CL6 cells were transfected with reporter genes TOPLFASH or FOPLFASH, and LRP6 or Frz8 expression vectors, and treated with Wnt3A and IGFBP-4.
- TOPLFASH activity was evaluated by measuring luciferase activity.
- IGFBP-4 inhibits ⁇ -catenin-dependent transcriptional activity by Wnt3A treatment. That is, it was suggested that IGFBP-4 is a specific inhibitor of the classical Wnt pathway.
- IGFBP-4 inhibits classical Wnt signaling both in vivo and in vitro.
- Xenopus cap assay and TOPLFASH reporter gene assay were performed.
- LRP6 mRNA, ⁇ -catenin mRNA, ⁇ -galactosidase mRNA, and IGFBP-4 mRNA were injected into the animal pole of Xenopus two-cell stage embryos in the combination shown in Fig. 5-c, and then from stage 85 embryos
- the animal cap was excised and cultured until the embryo reached stage 17 in Steinberg solution containing 5 ng / ml activin and 0.1% bovine serum albumin.
- the expression of Wnt target genes, siamois and Xnr-3 in the obtained embryo was measured.
- ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) gene was measured.
- ODC ornithine decarboxylase
- the TOPLFASH reporter gene assay was performed as described above. First, P19CL6 cells were transfected with LRP6 expression vector, ⁇ -catenin expression vector, or Dvl-1 expression vector and TOPLFASH, and treated with Wnt3A and IGFBP-4. Also, P19CL6 cells transfected with TOPLFASH alone were treated with lithium chloride and IGFBP-4 that activate the Wnt signal.
- IGFBP-4 inhibited Wnt target gene expression induced by LRP6, but did not inhibit Wnt target gene expression induced by ⁇ -catenin (FIG. 5-c).
- IGFBP-4 reduced TOPLFASH activity induced by Wnt3A or LRP6 (Fig. 5-d), but activated TOPLFASH activity induced by Wnt signaling factors Dvl-1 and ⁇ -catenin, and Wnt signal. It did not affect the TOPLFASH activity induced by lithium chloride (Figs. 5-d and 5-e).
- IGFBP-4 inhibits classical Wnt signaling at the cell surface receptor stage.
- IGFBP-4 competes for Wnt signaling by direct physical interaction with the Wnt receptors LRP5 / 6 or Frizzled.
- a conditioned medium containing IGFBP4 (IGFBP-4-V5) to which LRP6N-Myc, Frz8CRD-Myc, or V5 tag was added was prepared using 293 cells. Then, a binding reaction between IGFBP-4-V5 and LRP6N-Myc or Frz8CRD-Myc was performed overnight at 4 ° C.
- Binding analysis was performed by immunoblotting with anti-V5 antibody or anti-Myc antibody after immunoprecipitation with anti-Myc antibody, and immunoblotting with anti-Myc antibody or anti-V5 antibody after immunoprecipitation with anti-V5 antibody. Furthermore, a liquid-phase binding assay (LBR) using 125 I-labeled IGFBP-4 was performed on a conditioned medium containing LRP6N-Myc or Frz8CRD-Myc. A similar liquid phase binding assay was performed using 125 I-labeled Wnt3A to examine the effect of IGFBP-4 on the binding of Wnt3A to LRP6N-Myc or Frz8CRD-Myc.
- LBR liquid-phase binding assay
- IGFBP-4 has been demonstrated to inhibit Wnt3A binding to LRP6N ( Figure 2-h) and Frz8CRD ( Figure 2-i), and IGFBP-4 binds Wnt3A to Frz8CDR by the Line Weber Berg plot. (Fig. 6-a).
- IGFBP-4 interacts with a wide variety of LRP6 domains
- IGFBP-4 The carboxy-terminal thyroglobulin domain was found to be important for the binding of IGFBP-4 to LRP6 or Frz8CRD (FIGS. 6-c to 6-f).
- IGFBP-4 can be considered to promote cardiac development by inhibiting classical Wnt signaling.
- IGFBP-4 was enhanced during the differentiation of P19CL6 cells into cardiomyocytes (FIG. 3-a). IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-5 were also enhanced early and late in differentiation, respectively. Expression of IGFBP-2 was not changed and no expression of IGFBP-1 or IGFBP-6 was detected.
- IGFBP-4 knockdown was performed using two separate siRNA constructs against IGFBP-4. Differentiation of P19CL6 cells into cardiomyocytes was induced by addition of DMSO, and differentiation into cardiomyocytes was evaluated by expression of cardiac marker genes ( ⁇ MHC, Nkx2.5, GATA-4) and cTnT protein. Moreover, the effect of knockdown by siRNA of IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-5 was similarly examined.
- IGFBP-4 siRNAs inhibited the differentiation of P19CL6 cells into cardiomyocytes induced by DMSO (Fig. 3-b).
- IGFBP-3BPsiRNA or IGFBP-5 siRNA did not inhibit DMSO-induced differentiation of P19CL6 cells into cardiomyocytes ( Figure 3-b, right panel).
- IGFBP-4 exhibits a paracrine effect mainly on myocyte differentiation.
- FGF fibroblast growth factor
- cTnI cardiac troponin I
- IGFBP-4 promotes cardiac development by maintaining embryonic cardiomyocyte proliferation and / or survival.
- IGFBP consists of 6 members, ie IGFBP-1 to IGFBP-6.
- the inhibitory effect of Wnt signaling by these IGFBP family members was examined by reporter gene assay and ⁇ -catenin stabilization assay.
- the interaction between each IGFBP family member and LRP6 or Frz8 was examined by IP / Western analysis. Reporter gene assay, ⁇ -catenin stabilization assay, and IP / Western analysis were performed in the same manner as described in Example 1.
- IGFBP-4 was the strongest of the IGFBP family members and inhibited ⁇ -catenin expression by Wnt3A. IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, and IGFBP-6 also showed moderate Wnt inhibitory activity, whereas IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-5 were found to show no such activity (FIG. 9). -a to Figure 9-c). Consistent with this result, IP / Western analysis shows that IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-4, and IGFBP-6 interact with LRP6 or Frz8CRD, whereas IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-5 interact with LRP6 or Frz8CRD. It became clear that it does not interact with (Figs. 9-d and 9-e).
- Sequence number 1 The gene which codes IGFBP-4 (sequence number 2).
- Sequence number 3 The gene which codes IGFBP-1 (sequence number 4).
- Sequence number 5 The gene which codes IGFBP-2 (sequence number 6).
- Sequence number 7 The gene which codes IGFBP-6 (sequence number 8).
- SEQ ID NO: 9 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 10 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 11 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 12 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 13 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 14 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 15 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 16 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 17 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 18 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 19 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 20 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 21 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 22 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 23 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 24 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 25 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 26 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 27 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 28 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 29 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 30 oligonucleotide designed for primer
- SEQ ID NO: 31 oligonucleotide designed for primer
- SEQ ID NO: 32 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 33 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 34 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 35 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 36 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 37 oligonucleotide designed for primer.
- SEQ ID NO: 38 oligonucleotide designed for siRNA
- SEQ ID NO: 39 oligonucleotide designed for siRNA
- 40 oligonucleotide designed for siRNA
- 41 oligonucleotide designed for siRNA
- SEQ ID NO: 42 oligonucleotide designed for morpholino
- SEQ ID NO: 43 oligonucleotide designed for morpholino
- SEQ ID NO: 44 Partial sequence of Xenopus IGFBP-4 gene.
- SEQ ID NO: 45 Partial sequence of Xenopus IGFBP-4 mutant gene.
- SEQ ID NO: 46 Morpholino target sequence in Xenopus IGFBP-4 gene.
- SEQ ID NO: 47 Morpholino target sequence in Xenopus IGFBP-4 gene.
- SEQ ID NO: 48 Partial sequence of the morpholino-resistant Xenopus IGFBP-4 gene.
Abstract
Description
(1)配列表の配列番号2、4、6および8のいずれか1に記載のアミノ酸配列で表されるタンパク質、
(2)前記(1)のタンパク質と70%以上の相同性を有し、かつWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質、および
(3)前記(1)のタンパク質のアミノ酸配列において1個から10個のアミノ酸の変異を有するアミノ酸配列で表され、かつWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質。
(1)配列表の配列番号1、3、5および7のいずれか1に記載の塩基配列で表されるポリヌクレオチド、
(2)前記(1)のポリヌクレオチドと70%以上の相同性を有し、かつWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド、
(3)前記(1)のポリヌクレオチドの塩基配列において1個から30個のヌクレオチドの変異を有する塩基配列で表され、かつWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド、および
(4)前記(1)から(3)のいずれか1に記載のポリヌクレオチドを含むポリヌクレオチド。
(1)配列表の配列番号2、4、6および8のいずれか1に記載のアミノ酸配列で表されるタンパク質、
(2)前記(1)のタンパク質と70%以上の相同性を有し、かつWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質、および
(3)前記(1)のタンパク質のアミノ酸配列において1個から10個のアミノ酸の変異を有するアミノ酸配列で表され、かつWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質。
(1)配列表の配列番号1、3、5および7のいずれか1に記載の塩基配列で表されるポリヌクレオチド、
(2)前記(1)のポリヌクレオチドと70%以上の相同性を有し、かつWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド、
(3)前記(1)のポリヌクレオチドの塩基配列において1個から30個のヌクレオチドの変異を有する塩基配列で表され、かつWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド、および
(4)前記(1)から(3)のいずれか1に記載のポリヌクレオチドを含むポリヌクレオチド。
(プラスミドおよび試薬)
マウスIGFBPおよびアフリカツメガエルIGFBP-4(以下、XIGFBP-4と略称することがある)のcDNAクローンはOpen Biosystmes社より購入した。XIGFBP-4において第74番目のヒスチジン(His)がプロリン(Pro)により置換された変異体(XIGFBP-4-H74P)はQuikChange登録商標 Site-Directed Mutagenesisキット(Stratagene社製)により作製した。このような変異体はIGFに結合しない。Hisタグが付加されたヒト野生型IGFBP-4および変異体IGFBP-4-H74P(Qin, X., Strong, D.D., Baylink, D.J. & Mohan, S., Structure-function analysis of the human insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4., J Biol Chem 273, 23509-16 (1998))はHitTrap HPキット(Amersham社製)を用いて作製し、そして精製した。
P19CL6細胞およびES細胞の心筋細胞への分化の誘導および培養は、本質的には従前の報告に記載された方法と同様の方法で実施した(Monzen, K. et al., Bone morphogenetic proteins induce cardiomyocyte differentiation through the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase TAK1 and cardiac transcription factors Csx/Nkx-2.5 and GATA-4., Mol Cell Biol 19, 7096-105 (1999); Naito, A.T. et al., Developmental stage-specific biphasic roles of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in cardiomyogenesis and hematopoiesis., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103, 19812-7 (2006))。
IP/ウエスタン解析は、全長IGFBPまたはその様々な欠失変異体、LRP6、Frz8CRD、およびDKK1をそれぞれ含む各馴化培地(conditioned medium)を293細胞を用いて作製し、これらを用いて実施した。結合反応は4℃にて一晩実施した。免疫沈降はProtein G Sepharose 4 Fast Flow(Amersham社製)を用いて実施した。IGFBP-4およびWnt3Aの125I標識は、IODO-BEADS登録商標ヨード化試薬(Pierce社製)を用いて実施した。液相結合アッセイは、基本的には従前報告された方法と同様の方法で実施した(Semenov, M.V. et al., Head inducer Dickkopf-1 is a ligand for Wnt coreceptor LRP6., Curr Biol 11, 951-61 (2001))。簡潔にいえば、Mycタグを付加したLRP6N(LRP6N-Myc)またはMycタグを付加したFrz8CRD(Frz8CRD-Myc)を様々な濃度の125I標識IGFBP-4と混合し、そして4℃にて一晩インキュベーションした。LRP6N-MycまたはFrz8CRD-Mycを免疫沈降させ、そしてProtein G Sepharose ビーズを徹底的に洗浄した後、結合したIGFBP-4の放射活性を測定した。競合結合アッセイのために、LRP6N-MycまたはFrz8CRD-Mycを含む馴化培地を125I標識Wnt3Aおよび非標識IGFBP-4と混合し、そして4℃にて一晩インキュベーションした。次いで、LRP6N-MycまたはFrz8CRD-Mycを免疫沈降させ、そして結合したWnt3Aの放射活性を測定した。
アフリカツメガエルにおけるアキシスデュプリケーションアッセイ、アニマルキャップアッセイ、およびin situハイブリダイゼーション解析は、基本的には従前報告された方法と同様の方法で実施した(Kobayashi, H. et al., Novel Daple-like protein positively regulates both the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway and the Wnt/JNK pathway in Xenopus., Mech Dev 122, 1138-53 (2005))。XIGFBP-4について、2つの別個のcDNA、おそらく偽四倍体ゲノム(pseudotetraploid genome)に起因するものを、5'RACE(Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends)法により同定した。これら2つのIGFBP-4転写物の両方を標的とする2つの別個のMOを設計した(Gene Tools社)。MO1は、翻訳開始コドン上流に隣接する2番目のヌクレオチドから翻訳領域の23番目のヌクレオチドまでの25ヌクレオチドからなる配列を標的とし、MO2は、非翻訳領域の25ヌクレオチドからなる配列を標的とする。MO感受性XIGFBP-4 cDNAは、41bpの5'非翻訳領域を含むものであり、PCRにより作成した。MO抵抗性XIGFBP-4 cDNA(野生型およびH74P変異体)は、MO1標的配列に5つのサイレント変異を導入し、そして5'非翻訳領域を削除することにより作成した。MOの特異性を決定するため、MO感受性またはMO抵抗性のXIGFBP-4-Myc mRNAをMOと共にまたはMOなしでアフリカツメガエル胚に注入し、そしてタンパク質およびmRNA発現を分析した。PCRプライマーおよびPCR条件は上記表1に一覧表示する。MOおよびプラスミドDNAは8細胞段階において、心臓および肝臓原基へと運命付けられた2つの背側植物割球の背側領域に注入した。mRNAの電気穿孔法による導入は、本質的には従前報告された方法と同様の方法で実施した(Sasagawa, S., Takabatake, T., Takabatake, Y., Muramatsu, T. & Takeshima, K., Improved mRNA electroporation method for Xenopus neurula embryos., Genesis 33, 81-5 (2002))。mRNA(5nl溶液中5ng)の心臓原基近辺への注入および電気パルスの適用は段階29に実施した。マウスIGFBP-4のホールマウントin situハイブリダイゼーション解析は、従前報告された方法と同様の方法で実施した(Hosoda, T. et al., A novel myocyte-specific gene Midori promotes the differentiation of P19CL6 cells into cardiomyocytes., J Biol Chem 276, 35978-89 (2001))。
形態形成や細胞増殖、例えば心臓の発達および/または心筋細胞の分化を調節する新たな液性因子の探索を、心筋細胞に分化するマウス由来の細胞株P19CL6細胞を用いて実施した。P19CL6細胞は1% DMSO存在下で高い効率をもって心筋細胞へ分化することが知られている(Monzen, K. et al., Bone morphogenetic proteins induce cardiomyocyte differentiation through the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase TAK1 and cardiac transcription factors Csx/Nkx-2.5 and GATA-4., Mol Cell Biol 19, 7096-105 (1999))。
IGFBPはIGFに結合してその作用を調節する分子とみなされているため、IGFBP-4による心臓発生促進効果がIGFの作用の増強および阻害のいずれによるかを検討した。まずP19CL6細胞を抗IGF-I中和抗体(Sigma社製)および抗IGF-II中和抗体(Sigma社製)の組み合わせ、またはIGFタイプI受容体に対する中和抗体(Oncogene社製)で処理した。これら抗体による処理が心筋細胞の分化を誘導するおよび/またはIGFBP-4の心臓発生効果を増大させる場合は、IGFBP-4がIGFシグナル伝達を阻害することにより心筋細胞の分化を誘導すると判定した。他方、これら抗体による処理がIGFBP-4による心臓発生を低減させる場合は、IGFBP-4がIGFシグナル伝達を増強することにより心筋細胞の分化を誘導すると判定した。また、IGFBP-4の代わりに、IGFに結合しないIGFBP-4変異体(IGFBP-4-H74P)を用いて、P19CL6細胞の心筋細胞への分化を試験した。
P19CL6細胞の心筋細胞への分化におけるIGFBPファミリーメンバーの発現を検討した。P19CL6細胞の心筋細胞への分化はDMSO添加により誘導し、DMSO添加後、第0日、第2日、第4日、第6日および第8日にIGFBP発現をRT-PCRにより測定した。
内因性IGFBP-4のin vivoでの心臓の発達における役割を、アフリカツメガエル胚を用いて試験した。まず、アフリカツメガエル胚におけるNkx2.5(初期心臓マーカー)、cTnI(成熟心臓マーカー)、Hex(肝臓マーカー)、およびXIGFBP-4 mRNAの、段階34、38および42における発現をin situハイブリダイゼーション解析した。その結果、XIGFBP-4の強い発現が段階38において心臓に隣接する前方肝臓で検出された(図4-a)。
配列番号3:IGFBP-1(配列番号4)をコードする遺伝子。
配列番号5:IGFBP-2(配列番号6)をコードする遺伝子。
配列番号7:IGFBP-6(配列番号8)をコードする遺伝子。
配列番号9:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号10:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号11:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号12:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号13:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号14:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号15:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号16:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号17:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号18:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号19:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号20:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号21:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号22:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号23:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号24:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号25:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号26:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号27:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号28:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号29:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号30:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド
配列番号31:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号32:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号33:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号34:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号35:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号36:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号37:プライマー用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号38:siRNA用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号39:siRNA用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号40:siRNA用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号41:siRNA用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号42:モルフォリノ用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号43:モルフォリノ用に設計されたオリゴヌクレオチド。
配列番号44:アフリカツメガエルIGFBP-4遺伝子の部分配列。
配列番号45:アフリカツメガエルIGFBP-4変異体遺伝子の部分配列。
配列番号46:アフリカツメガエルIGFBP-4遺伝子内のモルフォリノ標的配列。
配列番号47:アフリカツメガエルIGFBP-4遺伝子内のモルフォリノ標的配列。
配列番号48:モルフォリノ抵抗性のアフリカツメガエルIGFBP-4遺伝子の部分配列。
Claims (31)
- インスリン様増殖因子結合タンパク質(IGFBP)であってWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質の少なくとも1種類を含有するWntシグナル伝達阻害剤。
- インスリン様増殖因子結合タンパク質(IGFBP)であってWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質の少なくとも1種類が、下記タンパク質群より選ばれるタンパク質の少なくとも1種類であり、その少なくとも1種類を有効成分としてその有効量含有するWntシグナル伝達阻害剤:
(1)配列表の配列番号2、4、6および8のいずれか1に記載のアミノ酸配列で表されるタンパク質、
(2)前記(1)のタンパク質と70%以上の相同性を有し、かつWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質、および
(3)前記(1)のタンパク質のアミノ酸配列において1個から10個のアミノ酸の変異を有するアミノ酸配列で表され、かつWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質。 - インスリン様増殖因子結合タンパク質(IGFBP)であってWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質の少なくとも1種類が、配列表の配列番号2、4、6および8のいずれか1に記載のアミノ酸配列で表されるタンパク質である請求項1または請求項2に記載のWntシグナル伝達阻害剤。
- インスリン様増殖因子結合タンパク質(IGFBP)であってWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質の少なくとも1種類が、配列表の配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列で表されるタンパク質である請求項1または請求項2に記載のWntシグナル伝達阻害剤。
- Wnt受容体が低密度リポタンパク質受容体6(LRP6)およびFrizzled8(Frz8)である請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載のWntシグナル伝達阻害剤。
- インスリン様増殖因子結合タンパク質(IGFBP)であってWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチドの少なくとも1種類を含有するWntシグナル伝達阻害剤。
- インスリン様増殖因子結合タンパク質(IGFBP)であってWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチドの少なくとも1種類が、下記ポリヌクレオチド群より選ばれるポリヌクレオチドの少なくとも1種類であり、その少なくとも1種類を有効成分としてその有効量含有するWntシグナル伝達阻害剤:
(1)配列表の配列番号1、3、5および7のいずれか1に記載の塩基配列で表されるポリヌクレオチド、
(2)前記(1)のポリヌクレオチドと70%以上の相同性を有し、かつWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド、
(3)前記(1)のポリヌクレオチドの塩基配列において1個から30個のヌクレオチドの変異を有する塩基配列で表され、かつWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド、および
(4)前記(1)から(3)のいずれか1に記載のポリヌクレオチドを含むポリヌクレオチド。 - インスリン様増殖因子結合タンパク質(IGFBP)であってWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチドの少なくとも1種類が、配列表の配列番号1、3、5および7のいずれか1に記載の塩基配列で表されるポリヌクレオチドである請求項6または請求項7に記載のWntシグナル伝達阻害剤。
- インスリン様増殖因子結合タンパク質(IGFBP)であってWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチドの少なくとも1種類が、配列表の配列番号1に記載の塩基配列で表されるポリヌクレオチドである請求項6または請求項7に記載のWntシグナル伝達阻害剤。
- Wnt受容体が低密度リポタンパク質受容体6(LRP6)およびFrizzled8(Frz8)である請求項6から9のいずれか1項に記載のWntシグナル伝達阻害剤。
- インスリン様増殖因子結合タンパク質(IGFBP)であってWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質の少なくとも1種類を用いることを手段とするWntシグナル伝達阻害方法。
- インスリン様増殖因子結合タンパク質(IGFBP)であってWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質の少なくとも1種類が、下記タンパク質群より選ばれるタンパク質の少なくとも1種類である請求項11に記載のWntシグナル伝達阻害方法:
(1)配列表の配列番号2、4、6および8のいずれか1に記載のアミノ酸配列で表されるタンパク質、
(2)前記(1)のタンパク質と70%以上の相同性を有し、かつWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質、および
(3)前記(1)のタンパク質のアミノ酸配列において1個から10個のアミノ酸の変異を有するアミノ酸配列で表され、かつWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質。 - インスリン様増殖因子結合タンパク質(IGFBP)であってWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質の少なくとも1種類が、配列表の配列番号2、4、6および8のいずれか1に記載のアミノ酸配列で表されるタンパク質である請求項11に記載のWntシグナル伝達阻害方法。
- インスリン様増殖因子結合タンパク質(IGFBP)であってWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質の少なくとも1種類が、配列表の配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列で表されるタンパク質である請求項11に記載のWntシグナル伝達阻害方法。
- Wnt受容体が低密度リポタンパク質受容体6(LRP6)およびFrizzled8(Frz8)である請求項11から14のいずれか1項に記載のWntシグナル伝達阻害方法。
- インスリン様増殖因子結合タンパク質(IGFBP)であってWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチドの少なくとも1種類を用いることを手段とするWntシグナル伝達阻害方法。
- インスリン様増殖因子結合タンパク質(IGFBP)であってWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチドの少なくとも1種類が、下記ポリヌクレオチド群より選ばれるポリヌクレオチドの少なくとも1種類である請求項16に記載のWntシグナル伝達阻害方法:
(1)配列表の配列番号1、3、5および7のいずれか1に記載の塩基配列で表されるポリヌクレオチド、
(2)前記(1)のポリヌクレオチドと70%以上の相同性を有し、かつWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド、
(3)前記(1)のポリヌクレオチドの塩基配列において1個から30個のヌクレオチドの変異を有する塩基配列で表され、かつWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド、および
(4)前記(1)から(3)のいずれか1に記載のポリヌクレオチドを含むポリヌクレオチド。 - インスリン様増殖因子結合タンパク質(IGFBP)であってWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチドの少なくとも1種類が、配列表の配列番号1、3、5および7のいずれか1に記載の塩基配列で表されるポリヌクレオチドである請求項16に記載のWntシグナル伝達阻害方法。
- インスリン様増殖因子結合タンパク質(IGFBP)であってWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチドの少なくとも1種類が、配列表の配列番号1に記載の塩基配列で表されるポリヌクレオチドである請求項16に記載のWntシグナル伝達阻害方法。
- Wnt受容体が低密度リポタンパク質受容体6(LRP6)およびFrizzled8(Frz8)である請求項16から19のいずれか1項に記載のWntシグナル伝達阻害方法。
- インスリン様増殖因子結合タンパク質(IGFBP)であってWnt受容体と結合し得るタンパク質および/または該タンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチドの、Wntシグナル伝達阻害剤の製造における使用。
- 請求項1から10のいずれか1項に記載のWntシグナル伝達阻害剤を有効成分としてその有効量含有するWntシグナル伝達の亢進に起因する疾患の防止および/または治療剤。
- 請求項1から10のいずれか1項に記載のWntシグナル伝達阻害剤の有効量を対象に投与することを手段とするWntシグナル伝達の亢進に起因する疾患の防止および/または治療方法。
- 請求項1から10のいずれか1項に記載のWntシグナル伝達阻害剤の、Wntシグナル伝達の亢進に起因する疾患の防止および/または治療における使用。
- 請求項1から10のいずれか1項に記載のWntシグナル伝達阻害剤を有効成分としてその有効量含有する心筋細胞分化誘導剤。
- 請求項1から10のいずれか1項に記載のWntシグナル伝達阻害剤の有効量を心筋細胞に分化し得る細胞と接触させることを手段とする心筋細胞分化誘導方法。
- 心筋細胞に分化し得る細胞が多能性幹細胞である請求項26に記載の心筋細胞分化誘導方法。
- 心筋細胞に分化し得る細胞が胚性幹細胞である請求項26に記載の心筋細胞分化誘導方法。
- 請求項1から10のいずれか1項に記載のWntシグナル伝達阻害剤の有効量を対象に投与することを手段とする心筋細胞分化誘導方法。
- 請求項26から28のいずれか1項に記載の心筋細胞誘導方法により得られた心筋細胞。
- 請求項26から28のいずれか1項に記載の心筋細胞誘導方法により得られた心筋細胞の使用。
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