CATALHOYUK (Ancient Village)

You have landed in a city that is built all in one place. Catal Hoyuk is a community village, the largest Neolithic site currently preserved. It is located in t south of Anatolia which is reffered to now as modern day Turkey. The chronology of this village is approximatel7500 BC to 5700 BC. According to architecture the village named Catal Hoyuk is unique. Their houses were made of sun-dried mud bricks supported by wooden beams. According to my personal point of view the most significant attraction of the houses were their entrances. The houses were interconnected with each other but yet there was a separate wall with a small gap between two houses, which shows some kind ventilation purposes. The only way to enter in the house was by roof. They may used multiple techniques to get enter in the house by roof but excavation shows hat they used to step in through ladders. One difficulty the people of Catal Hoyuk may have encountered was lighting the interiors of their homes. Although fire was a means of illuminations, the most effective daytime light source, the sun, would more often than not, be unable to provide adequate lighting in the buildings. In light of above facts I can analyze that this village is different from other villages because of the architecture. The another lucrative knowledge about the house is that the technique of making the houses by mud bricks is unique and this technique is called HIMIS. Through researches it has been proved that the small doorways in the house are thought to have been for small domestic animals to get in and out. The inhabitants of Catal Hoyuk used to cross over the uncovered top roofs to step in to another house, as of the fact their top roofs were uncovered so it can be judge tat this technique helped them for the ventilation process and to fulfill their need of light. The houses were built with simple techniques.They had rectangular rooms and for means of heating a round or rectangle shaped stove was used. In the excavation process lots of things were found which further helped us to discover this village. For instance, horseshoe shaped ovens were found, they used the most raised bank part of the floor as table, divan and bed. The inhabitants of that village had a firm believe on their religion. What-so-ever they had believed on and to whom they worshiped, the wall paintings and drawings, statues and sculptures proves clearly that they prefer their religious aspects and concepts among all. They believed in many GOD and GODESS but the only GODESS they used to worship by heart and soul was THE GODESS VENUS OF WILLENDORF, her nick was VENUS. The statue of GODESS was found to be the most interesting part of the whole article, the statue shows that on two sides of GODESS two loins are sitting and GODESS  has placed her both hands on the body of lions. I would give an analytical observation that perhaps THE GODESS has some kind of strength or energy like lions. To promote their religion they had constructed the head of bulls and had placed them in many different places of the village. their beliefs and rituals were amazing but were beyond our thinkings. They used to burry the dead body of a person under the sleeping slabe in the same position they died. The peculiar ways of burying them were as follows, after death, the corpses were thrown to vultures and then the skeleton were cleansed and wrapped in soft cloth while the skulls were painted and decorated and buried in the homes. By the help of above highlighted facts the only fact comes up in mind that the pee of this village were very devoted towards their religion. Although there were no any particular religious events. they were also not used to sacrifice as compare to another religions but if they sacrifice anything in order to make their GODESS happy they stored that sacrificial blood in pits ( a small hole for storing blood ). But what makes this village different from others  is the thoughts and beliefs which can be easily observe from the paintings and sculptures found from the dwellings. Dozens of remains had been excavated from the dwellings which are enough to understand their religious views and aspects. Catal Hoyuk is one of the oldest archeological urban cities to be found to date from ancient history and prehistory. Located in what is now modern Turkey just SOUTH EAST of modern KONYA, the side contains remains of ancient pottery, signs of prehistoric domestications and herding, and permanent farming including the organized cultivation of wheat and other cereals, and granary structure for storing and preserving food grains. They were very conserving on what they grew. They grew a lot of things like wheat, barley, peace, nuts, seeds and fruits. They also hunted sheep and cattle for food. This was there complete diet. This village had contain another significant quality that potteries and wall paintings started from here in the beginning of neolithic period. There are some tools which were excavated through paintings, they used to use obsidian, chipped stone tools, worked bones and ground stone tools for many purposes. The Catal Hoyuk had a lot of jobs. The men had jobs hunting. making crafts, farming and making blocks for building houses. The women made clothes and cooked. They also made bone, needle to stitch clothes. Evidences shows that they used to wear animal skin of leapord. The infrastructure of the village is that they threw their rubbish and sanitation waste outside in ruined houses. Industrially and economically that village was established hundred times in a better way as compare to another neolithic period. The Catal Hoyuk had very good craftsmen, they made mirrors and also did weaving. In the end, I would like to conclude my analysis regarding to Catal Hoyuk village. There were many interesting sites and discoveries in this village and by means of which I observe that the establishment and settlements of nomadic people was so rapid. Village changed into town, town to city and then city to state. A remarkable and a rapid transformation of that village makes it different from others.Image

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