Geo-Design in Planning for Bicycling: An Evidence-Based Approach for Collaborative Bicycling Planning
Abstract
:1. Introduction
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- How can the geo-design approach support planning for bicycling?
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- What are the strengths and weaknesses of using geo-design approaches for bicycling planning?
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- How can a hybrid geo-design workshop be organized? What are the applicable methods and techniques?
2. Literature Review
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Case Study of Sydney
3.2. Geo-Design Workshop Details
3.3. Data Collection and Applied Tools
3.3.1. Agent-Based Model and Simulation
3.4. Geo-Design in Action
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- Provision of integrating bicycling and public transport (bike-transit integration).
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- Provision of safe paths to school (strategies to increase bicycling and physical activity among youth).
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- Provision of providing appropriate bicycling infrastructure (bike stations, various path types, i.e., painted cycleways, separated and designed cycleways, and shared bike services, etc.).
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- Provision of bicycles for leisure, recreation, and tourism.
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- Provision of work/business close to home (balancing jobs and housing in the urban system).
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- Provision of required infrastructure for bicycling sharing systems.
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- Provision of improving real and perceived bicycling safety and provision of social infrastructure (programs and policies to increase bicycling).
4. Findings
5. Discussion
5.1. A Geo-Design Approach to Bicycling Planning
5.2. Limitations and Future Suggestions
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A. Used Platforms
1 | This study is a chapter of broader research/dissertation for applying a geo-design and data-driven approach to planning for bicycling infrastructure. |
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Geo-Design Framework | Data Source | Application | Analysis Method |
---|---|---|---|
Representation model | Open Street Map | Road network | Network analysis |
Infrastructure Cycleway Data (NSW) | Bicycling facility type | Network analysis | |
Elevation—Elvis | Slope | Slope analysis | |
Land use | Living and working places | Catchment analysis | |
Australian Bureau of Statistics | Population demographics | Spatial analysis | |
General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) | Public transport stations | General Transit Feed Specification analysis | |
Process model | Council strategic plan | Future structure plan Housing scheme | Spatial analysis |
Australian Bureau of Statistics | Population projection | Spatial analysis | |
Giraffe with the innovative NSW Spatial Services | Future and current development projects | Spatial analysis | |
Evaluation model | Propensity to cycle (Open data—Transport NSW) | Willingness to use a bike | Spatial analysis |
Accessibility by bike | Accessibility of main destinations by bike | Network analysis | |
Strava | Bicycling counts | Spatial analysis | |
Crash data—Road safety crash statistics NSW | Safety to ride a bike | Spatial analysis | |
Change model | Google map places | Bicycling trip destinations | Spatial analysis |
Infrastructure Cycleway Data (NSW) | Current bicycling facility type | Network analysis | |
GTFS- Public transit stops and routes (ABM simulation) | Design scenario 1 | Catchment analysis | |
Recreational centers—tree canopy | Design scenario 2 | ABM simulation | |
Public schools—catchment area | Design scenario 3 | Catchment analysis—ABM simulation | |
Land use and trip destinations | Design scenario 4 | ||
Impact model | Number of bicyclists according to each design scenario | Design scenario impact assessment | ABM simulations |
Decision model | Satisfaction of bicyclists from each design scenario according to the bicycling infrastructure | Design scenario impact assessment | ABM simulation statistical |
Day | Geo-Design Model | Bicycling Planning Step |
---|---|---|
Day 1 | Representation model | Current situation study |
Process model | Bicycling systems assessment | |
Day 2 | Evaluation model | Analysis of the current situation |
Change model | Design systems | |
Day 3 | Change model | Design scenarios: Four scenarios |
Impact model | Impact assessment: ABM | |
Day 4 | Change model | Design scenarios: Two scenarios |
Impact model | Impact assessment: ABM | |
Decision model | Final proposed plan |
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Zare, P.; Pettit, C.; Leao, S.; Gudes, O.; Soundararaj, B. Geo-Design in Planning for Bicycling: An Evidence-Based Approach for Collaborative Bicycling Planning. Land 2022, 11, 1943. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11111943
Zare P, Pettit C, Leao S, Gudes O, Soundararaj B. Geo-Design in Planning for Bicycling: An Evidence-Based Approach for Collaborative Bicycling Planning. Land. 2022; 11(11):1943. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11111943
Chicago/Turabian StyleZare, Parisa, Christopher Pettit, Simone Leao, Ori Gudes, and Balamurugan Soundararaj. 2022. "Geo-Design in Planning for Bicycling: An Evidence-Based Approach for Collaborative Bicycling Planning" Land 11, no. 11: 1943. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11111943